Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,801 questions · 4,079 findings · 473 reviews

No studies found 669 · 16.4%GRADE not reported 852 · 20.9%Very low 738 · 18.1%Low 903 · 22.1%Moderate 716 · 17.6%High 201 · 4.9%

Ambroxol vs placebo or no treatment

Other events in newborns ‐ Administration of pulmonary surfactant frequency in newborns · women at risk of preterm birth

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in other events in newborns ‐ Administration of pulmonary surfactant… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks vs sdNVP

Genotypic Resistance to NVP among Indian infants HIV‐infected in utero or through peripartum/early‐breastfeeding transmission Standard Population Sequencing · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks may leads to higher genotypic Resistance to NVP among Indian infants HIV‐infected in… compared with sdNVP (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks vs sdNVP

Genotypic Resistance to NVP among Indian infants HIV‐infected through late breastfeeding Standard Population Sequencing · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks showed no clear difference in genotypic Resistance to NVP among Indian infants HIV‐infected… compared with sdNVP (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repair of a defective amalgam restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with amalgam) vs Replacement of a defective amalgam restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with amalgam)

Presence of clinical symptoms (pain, swelling, diagnosis of pulpitis, abscess formation) · Adults (16 years or over) with one or more defective amalgam restoration(s) in a molar or premolar tooth/teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Partial caries removal (single stage; residual dentinal caries sealed into the tooth definitively) vs Complete caries removal

Pulp exposure during caries removal · Patients with carious teeth, affecting any tooth surface(s), in unrestored primary and permanent teeth

Partial caries removal (single stage; residual dentinal caries… probably leads to lower pulp exposure during caries removal compared with complete caries removal (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stepwise excavation (two-stage caries removal, re-entry after an interval) vs Complete caries removal

Pulp exposure during caries removal · Patients with carious teeth, affecting any tooth surface(s), in unrestored primary and permanent teeth

Stepwise excavation (two-stage caries removal, re-entry after an… probably leads to lower pulp exposure during caries removal compared with one stage complete caries removal (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Stepwise excavation (two-stage caries removal, re-entry after an interval) vs Complete caries removal

Signs or symptoms of pulpal disease · Patients with carious teeth, affecting any tooth surface(s), in unrestored primary and permanent teeth

Stepwise excavation (two-stage caries removal, re-entry after an… showed no clear difference in signs or symptoms of pulpal disease compared with one stage complete caries removal (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Partial caries removal (single stage; residual dentinal caries sealed into the tooth definitively) vs Complete caries removal

Signs or symptoms of pulpal disease · Patients with carious teeth, affecting any tooth surface(s), in unrestored primary and permanent teeth

Partial caries removal (single stage; residual dentinal caries… showed no clear difference in signs or symptoms of pulpal disease compared with complete caries removal (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

User‐held information vs standard information

Psychiatric hospital admission: compulsory admission Numbers admitted · patients with routine care of people with severe mental illness

User‐held information showed no clear difference in psychiatric hospital admission: compulsory admission Numbers admitted compared with standard information (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laparoscopic vs open surgery

Pulmonary complications (0 to 30 days) · patients with perforated peptic ulcer disease

Laparoscopic surgery showed no clear difference in pulmonary complications (presence or absence) compared with open surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fibrinogen concentrate vs any comparator

Thrombotic episodes (arterial and venous graft occlusion, pulmonary embolus, deep venous thrombosis) Proportion with event · bleeding patients or at risk of severe bleeding

It is very uncertain whether fibrinogen concentrate changes thrombotic episodes (arterial and venous graft occlusion, pulmonary… compared with any comparator (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review