Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,745 questions · 4,389 findings · 203 reviews · Dental caries

No studies found 39 · 0.9%GRADE not reported 3,844 · 87.6%Very low 198 · 4.5%Low 137 · 3.1%Moderate 134 · 3.1%High 37 · 0.8%

Second molar distally inclined at extraction vs Second molar upright at extraction

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, distal inclination of the second molar vs upright was not significantly associated with space closure (OR 1.18; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Slum / urban-disadvantaged setting vs Non-slum urban / general-urban / national population

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs

Mean DMFT ranges from 0.26 to 16.6 across LMIC urban/slum populations; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Slum / urban-disadvantaged setting vs Non-slum urban / general-urban / national population

Dental trauma prevalence · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs

Dental trauma appears more common in urban and disadvantaged settings; ungraded, few studies.

1 finding from 1 review

AA genotype vs AG+GG genotypes

Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries

FokI(rs2228570) recessive model: AA vs AG+GG was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 1.09); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Teledentistry diagnosis using DSLR or smartphone extra-oral photographs vs Visual or clinical examination

Negative predictive value for dental caries diagnosis · Children and adults with primary or permanent dentition

Negative predictive values were reported in 10 of the 13 studies that reported sensitivity and specificity; no meta-analysis or GRADE rating was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cancer patients (cases) vs Healthy controls

Alveolar bone loss · Adults in case-control studies (oral cancer patients vs healthy controls)

Alveolar bone loss did not differ significantly between oral cancer patients and controls (SMD 0.18, 95% CI -2.34 to 2.69; extreme heterogeneity); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Slum / urban-disadvantaged setting vs Non-slum urban / general-urban / national population

Use of toothbrush and toothpaste for mouth cleaning · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs

Toothbrush/paste is the commonest cleaning method but is used less in slum/disadvantaged/rural groups than urban/non-slum groups; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Prenatal vitamin D deficiency (low maternal 25(OH)D during pregnancy) vs Adequate prenatal vitamin D (sufficient maternal 25(OH)D)

Dental caries · Children aged 2 to 8 years

The review reported an OR of 1.32 when prenatal vitamin D was measured at 6 to 38 gestational weeks.

2 findings from 1 review

Full pulpotomy vs Partial pulpotomy

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Human permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis due to carious pulp exposure

Full pulpotomy showed a non-significant trend toward higher success than partial pulpotomy in mature teeth with irreversible pulpitis (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Unilateral extraction of the mandibular first permanent molar vs Bilateral extraction of the mandibular first permanent molars

Midline deviation of the mandibular arch · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

One study found midline deviation more likely after unilateral than bilateral extraction (OR 11.6; single study; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure

In partial pulpotomy, MTA had significantly higher success than calcium hydroxide (OR 2.81; ungraded).

5 findings from 2 reviews · compare the 2 reviews
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Probiotics vs placebo or control

Gingival index (GI) · Children and/or adolescents (<18 years) without background systemic disease

Probiotics probably make little to no difference to the gingival index versus control (MD 0.04, 95%CI -0.18 to 0.27; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Grape seed extract or grape seed flavonoid fractions vs No extract or vehicle control; other antimicrobial agents

Bacterial growth inhibition · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)

No meta-analysis was conducted; five included studies reported inhibition of Streptococcus mutans growth with grape seed extract or fractions.

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances (exposure) vs None (single-group prevalence/incidence estimate)

Association between patient age and number of ICLs · Patients (permanent dentition) during or after fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances

Patient age was not significantly associated with the number of ICLs (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review