Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

132 questions · 135 findings · 30 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 16 · 11.9%GRADE not reported 14 · 10.4%Very low 30 · 22.2%Low 45 · 33.3%Moderate 27 · 20%High 3 · 2.2%

Summary of findings table ‐ Transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) screening vs visual assessment

Phototherapy before hospital discharge · newborns for hyperbilirubinemia

Summary of findings table ‐ Transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) screening probably leads to higher phototherapy before hospital discharge compared with visual assessment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Receipt of treatment for hypoglycaemia during initial hospital stay (investigator‐defined, any treatment ‐ oral dextrose gel, intravenous dextrose, or other drug therapy) during initial hospital stay (yes/no) · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

Dextrose gel showed no clear difference in receipt of treatment for hypoglycaemia during initial hospital stay… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Doxapram vs no treatment, placebo, methylxanthine (including theophylline, aminophylline, or caffeine), or

side‐effects ‐ side‐effects causing abandon · treatment of apnea
3 findings from 1 review

Doxapram vs no treatment, placebo, methylxanthine (including theophylline, aminophylline, or caffeine), or

side‐effects ‐ side‐effects causing abandon · prevention of reintubation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid boluses), occurring during the procedure No. of participants: 124(1 RCT) · Procedural pain in neonates

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Duration of continuous positive airway pressure therapy (hours or days) · preterm infants less than 30 weeks' gestational age requiring conventional mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) vs no treatment

Use of conventional phototherapy, if sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) was first used for prevention or early treatmentc · term and late preterm neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Early treatment vs expectant management

Proportion of infants receiving any pharmacotherapy for a hemodynamically significant PDA · preterm infants

Early treatment may leads to higher proportion of infants receiving any pharmacotherapy for a… compared with expectant management (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Very early treatment vs expectant management

Proportion of infants receiving any pharmacotherapy for a hemodynamically significant PDA · preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether very early treatment changes proportion of infants receiving any pharmacotherapy for a… compared with expectant management (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prebiotic vs no prebiotics

Treatment with phototherapy · Neonates, including term neonates (gestational age ≥ 37 weeks), late preterm neonates (35 to 37 weeks' gestation) and preterm neonates (<…

Feeding supplementation with prebiotics may leads to lower treatment with phototherapy compared with no prebiotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers vs placebo or no treatment

Treatment with laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers may leads to lower treatment with laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review