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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,156 questions · 1,179 findings · 198 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 250 · 21.2%GRADE not reported 43 · 3.6%Very low 236 · 20%Low 395 · 33.5%Moderate 208 · 17.6%High 47 · 4%

QUETIAPINE vs RISPERIDONE

Adverse effects: 2. Extrapyramidal effects ‐ use of antiparkinson medication · schizophrenia

QUETIAPINE probably leads to lower adverse effects: 2. Extrapyramidal effects ‐ use of antiparkinson… compared with RISPERIDONE (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting beta2‐agonists vs placebo

Moderate‐to‐severe exacerbations (rate) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Long‐acting beta2‐agonists showed no clear difference in severe/moderate exacerbations (hospitalisation or course of… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE vs STANDARD DRUG CARE

Global state: 1. Requiring supplementary medication ‐ antipsychotics · patients with acute schizophrenia and similar serious mental illnesses

ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE showed no clear difference in global state: 1. Requiring supplementary medication ‐ antipsychotics compared with STANDARD DRUG CARE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Technology‐mediated psychoeducation + standard care intervention vs usual care

Compliance/satisfaction: medication ‐ not compliant ‐ long‐term · schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether technology‐mediated psychoeducation + standard care intervention changes compliance/satisfaction: medication ‐ not compliant ‐ long‐term compared with standard care intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Percentage of well days during the grass pollen season Well days were those days with a symptom score of less than or equal to 2, and no use of rescue medication Scale from: 0 to 100 · patients with allergic rhinitis1
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Percentage of days requiring rescue medication (i.e. as tablets) during the grass pollen season Self recorded each day4 Scale from: 0 to 100 · patients with allergic rhinitis1
1 finding from 1 review

α‐FLUPENTHIXOL vs PLACEBO or β‐FLUPENTHIXOL

Global state: clinically important change in global state needing additional medication ‐ chlorpromazine · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether α‐FLUPENTHIXOL changes global state: clinically important change in global state needing… compared with PLACEBO or β‐FLUPENTHIXOL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs usual care

Compliance: Poor compliance with medication · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION changes compliance: Not compliant with medication compared with STANDARD CARE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Concomitant medication (Anxiolytic ‐ Lorazepam) · people with schizophrenia or like psychosis

The intervention may leads to lower concomitant medication (Anxiolytic ‐ Lorazepam) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ZOTEPINE vs REMOXIPRIDE

Adverse effects: 2. Extrapyramidal effects ‐ use of antiparkinson medication · patients with schizophrenia

ZOTEPINE showed no clear difference in adverse effects: Extrapyramidal effects ‐ use of antiparkinson… compared with REMOXIPRIDE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review