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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR All‐cause mortality all included trials Mortality · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.4 [0.62, 3.16] | 1 study · 585 participants | High |
Intervention NR Hepatitis A‐related mortality · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Clinically apparent hepatitis A (inactivated HAV vaccines) low risk of bias trials Dienstag 1999 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.09 [0.03, 0.3] | 3 studies · 41430 participants | High |
Intervention NR Lack of sero‐protection, (anti HAV IgG < 10mIU/L) (low risk of bias) Maiwald 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Lack of sero‐protection, (anti HAV IgG < 10mIU/L) (all included trials) Maiwald 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Lack of sero‐protection, (anti HAV IgG < 20mIU/L) (low risk of bias ) Maiwald 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.01 [0, 0.03] | 1 study · 486 participants | High |
Intervention NR Lack of sero‐protection, (anti HAV IgG < 20mIU/L) (all included trials) Maiwald 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.01 [0, 0.03] | 2 studies · 739 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Non‐serious local adverse events (low risk of bias) inactivated HAV vaccine ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.67, 2.11] | 2 studies · 1299 participants | High |
Intervention NR Non‐serious local adverse events (all included trials) ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.21 [0.86, 1.7] | 4 studies · 1559 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Non‐serious systemic adverse events (low risk of bias) inactivated HAV vaccine ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.67, 1.78] | 3 studies · 1299 participants | High |
Intervention NR Non‐serious systemic adverse events (all included studies) inactivated HAV vaccine ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.68, 1.41] | 4 studies · 1599 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Non‐serious local adverse events (low risk of bias) live attenuated HAV vaccine ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Non‐serious local adverse events (all included studies) live attenuated HAV vaccine ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Clinically apparent hepatitis A (inactivated HAV vaccines) all included trials Dienstag 1999 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.12 [0.05, 0.31] | 4 studies · 41690 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Non‐serious systemic adverse events (low risk of bias) live attenuated HAV vaccine ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Non‐serious systemic adverse events (all included studies) live attenuated HAV vaccine ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Clinically apparent hepatitis A (live attenuated HAV vaccines) low risk of bias Dienstag 1999 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Clinically apparent hepatitis A (live attenuated HAV vaccines) all included trials Dienstag 1999 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.07 [0.03, 0.17] | 5 studies · 690690 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Clinically apparent hepatitis A (Dose of live attenuated HAV vaccine, titre >= TCID50 ) low risk of bias Dienstag 1999 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Clinically apparent hepatitis A (Dose of live attenuated HAV vaccine, titre >= TCID50 ) all included trials Dienstag 1999 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.03 [0.02, 0.06] | 2 studies · 62270 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Clinically apparent hepatitis A (Dose of live attenuated HAV vaccine, titre < TCID50 ) low risk of bias Dienstag 1999 · patients with preventing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Whole ‐body vibration vs an active physical therapy (short‐term effects) Body balance Functional Reach test · patients with neurodegenerative disease Whole‐body vibration training for patients with neurodegenerative disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 45 participants | Low |
Whole ‐body vibration vs an active physical therapy (short‐term effects) Gait Timed Up and Go test · patients with neurodegenerative disease Whole‐body vibration training for patients with neurodegenerative disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 45 participants | Low |
Whole‐ body vibration vs an active physical therapy (long‐term effects) Body balance Berg Balance Scale and Tinetti test · patients with neurodegenerative disease Whole‐body vibration training for patients with neurodegenerative disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 42 participants | Very low |
Whole‐ body vibration vs an active physical therapy (long‐term effects) Gait Time Up and Go test and Stand‐walk‐sit test · patients with neurodegenerative disease Whole‐body vibration training for patients with neurodegenerative disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 42 participants | Very low |
Whole‐ body vibration vs an active physical therapy (long‐term effects) UPDRS III UPDRS scale (motor score). Scale from: 0 to 56. · patients with neurodegenerative disease Whole‐body vibration training for patients with neurodegenerative disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 42 participants | Very low |
Amitriptyline vs placebo Response to treatment At least 50% reduction of a depression scale (mainly Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) · adults with major depressive disorder Amitriptyline versus placebo for major depressive disorder (2012) · Cochrane | OR 2.64 [2.28, 3.06] | 31 studies · 3228 participants | Moderate |
Amitriptyline vs placebo Death due to suicide · adults with major depressive disorder Amitriptyline versus placebo for major depressive disorder (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Amitriptyline vs placebo Quality of life · adults with major depressive disorder Amitriptyline versus placebo for major depressive disorder (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Amitriptyline vs placebo Acceptability of treatment Drop‐out for any reason · adults with major depressive disorder Amitriptyline versus placebo for major depressive disorder (2012) · Cochrane | OR 0.71 [0.55, 0.93] | 24 studies · 2400 participants | Very low |
Amitriptyline vs placebo Overall tolerability Drop‐out due to adverse events · adults with major depressive disorder Amitriptyline versus placebo for major depressive disorder (2012) · Cochrane | OR 4.15 [2.71, 6.35] | 19 studies · 2174 participants | Moderate |
Bezafibrate vs no intervention All‐cause mortality · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | RD 0 | 3 studies · 60 participants | Very low |
Bezafibrate vs ursodeoxycholic acid Adverse events · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | RR 6.19 [0.31, 122.05] | 2 studies · 69 participants | Very low |
Bezafibrate vs ursodeoxycholic acid Serum alkaline phosphatases (U/L) · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 48 participants | Moderate |
Bezafibrate vs no intervention Liver morbidity · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | RD 0 | 3 studies · 60 participants | Very low |
Bezafibrate vs no intervention Adverse events · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | RR 5.4 [0.69, 42.32] | 3 studies · 60 participants | Very low |
Bezafibrate vs no intervention Serum alkaline phosphatases (U/L) · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 79 participants | Low |
Bezafibrate vs no intervention Serum alkaline phosphatases (U/L) ‐ duration of administration 6 months · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 38 participants | Very low |
Bezafibrate vs no intervention Serum alkaline phosphatases (U/L) ‐ duration of administration 12 to 13 months · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 41 participants | Low |
Bezafibrate vs no intervention Serum bilirubin (mg/dl) · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 34 participants | Very low |
Bezafibrate vs ursodeoxycholic acid All‐cause mortality · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | RD 0 | 2 studies · 69 participants | Very low |
Bezafibrate vs ursodeoxycholic acid Liver morbidity · patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis (2012) · Cochrane | RD 0 | 2 studies · 69 participants | Very low |
Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists Quality of life (SGRQ) · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 4935 participants | Ungraded |
Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists Patients with 1 or more exacerbations · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | OR 0.86 [0.79, 0.93] | 6 studies · 12123 participants | Moderate |
Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | OR 0.82 [0.6, 1.13] | 6 studies · 12123 participants | Very low |
Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists Cost‐effectiveness · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history Tiotropium versus long‐acting beta‐agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 participants | Low |
Arthroplasty vs fusion Arm pain at 1 to 2 years VAS or NRS · patients with single‐level cervical degenerative disc disease Arthroplasty versus fusion in single-level cervical degenerative disc disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 1310 participants | Low |
Arthroplasty vs fusion Neck pain at 1 to 2 years VAS or NRS · patients with single‐level cervical degenerative disc disease Arthroplasty versus fusion in single-level cervical degenerative disc disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 1309 participants | Moderate |
Arthroplasty vs fusion Neck‐related functional status at 1 to 2 years NDI · patients with single‐level cervical degenerative disc disease Arthroplasty versus fusion in single-level cervical degenerative disc disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 1505 participants | Moderate |
Arthroplasty vs fusion Patient satisfaction at 1 to 2 years · patients with single‐level cervical degenerative disc disease Arthroplasty versus fusion in single-level cervical degenerative disc disease (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [1, 1.12] | 2 studies · 498 participants | Very low |