Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

441 questions · 461 findings · 48 reviews

No studies found 76 · 16.5%GRADE not reported 94 · 20.4%Very low 82 · 17.8%Low 119 · 25.8%Moderate 73 · 15.8%High 17 · 3.7%

Vitamin D given to lactating mothers vs placebo or no treatment

Nutritional rickets ‐ biochemical Alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphate levels. · term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

Vitamin D given to lactating mothers may leads to lower nutritional rickets ‐ biochemical Alkaline phosphatase, calcium and… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Total thyroidectomy vs subtotal thyroidectomy

Permanent hypocalcaemia/hypoparathyroidism [measured by serum calcium levels]

Total thyroidectomy showed no clear difference in permanent hypocalcaemia/hypoparathyroidism [measured by serum… compared with bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs Western medicine

New fractures · patients with osteoporosis

It is very uncertain whether chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine changes new fractures (Yigu capsule plus calcium versus placebo plus calcium) compared with western medicine (very low certainty).

4 findings from 1 review
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Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events ‐ Nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined with calcium · healthy participants or recruited among the general population; individuals diagnosed with a specific disease in a stable phase or with…

Vitamin D may leads to higher adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined with calcium ( · adults

The intervention probably leads to higher adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug class vs placebo

Calcium channel blocker (any dose) Mean duration of 3 weeks · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes
2 findings from 1 review