Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

51 questions · 59 findings · 18 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 32 · 54.2%GRADE not reported 10 · 16.9%Very low 6 · 10.2%Low 2 · 3.4%Moderate 8 · 13.6%High 1 · 1.7%

Inhaled NO vs control

Neurodevelopmental disability · respiratory failure in preterm infants

Inhaled NO showed no clear difference in neurodevelopmental disability ‐ Studies with entry after 3 days… compared with control (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Lower vs higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth

Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm infants

Lower showed no clear difference in neurodevelopmental disability compared with higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Doxapram vs no treatment, placebo, methylxanthine (including theophylline, aminophylline, or caffeine), or

5a.Moderate‐to‐severe neurodevelopmental disability or intellectual impairment after 2 years of age – doxapram compared to no treatment for the prevention of reintubation · prevention of reintubation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Doxapram vs no treatment, placebo, methylxanthine (including theophylline, aminophylline, or caffeine), or

5b. Moderate‐to‐severe neurodevelopmental disability or intellectual impairment after 2 years of age – doxapram compared to alternative treatment for the prevention of reintubation · prevention of reintubation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Doxapram vs no treatment, placebo, methylxanthine (including theophylline, aminophylline, or caffeine), or

5c. Moderate‐to‐severe neurodevelopmental disability or intellectual impairment after 2 years of age – doxapram as an adjunct to methylxanthine compared to methylxanthine alone for the prevention of reintubation · prevention of reintubation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Supine midline head position vs any other supine head position

Major neurodevelopmental disability ‒not reported · very preterm infants with or at risk of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Methylxanthine vs placebo or control

Major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 18 to 24 months CA · preterm infants at risk of or with apnea; preterm infants undergoing extubation

Methylxanthine probably leads to lower major neurodevelopmental disability at 18 to 24 months compared with placebo or control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review