Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

398 questions · 434 findings · 166 reviews

No studies found 95 · 21.9%GRADE not reported 31 · 7.1%Very low 91 · 21%Low 110 · 25.3%Moderate 78 · 18%High 29 · 6.7%

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Early all‐cause mortality (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in early all‐cause mortality (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bubble vs ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants receiving nasal CPAP

Bubble showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality before hospital discharge compared with ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of LF‐LAM vs no LF‐LAM on mortality and tuberculosis treatment initiation

Mortality at 8 weeks · adults living with HIV

Effect of LF‐LAM probably leads to lower mortality at 8 weeks compared with no LF‐LAM on mortality and tuberculosis treatment initiation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Titrated oxygen therapy vs high‐flow oxygen therapy

Mortality (respiratory‐ related and all‐cause · adults with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Titrated oxygen therapy may leads to lower mortality (respiratory‐ related and all‐cause compared with high‐flow oxygen therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Procedural mortality · Individuals with peripheral arterial disease

The intervention showed no clear difference in procedural mortality (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intramuscular injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) vs control

All‐cause mortality ( · people with CLI who were not suitable for revascularisation and showed no improvement in response to the best standard therapy

It is very uncertain whether intramuscular injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) changes all‐cause mortality ( compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: integrated community case management vs usual facility services

Change in Infant Mortality Rate per 1000 live births1 · children U5

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: integrated community case management changes infant mortality rate compared with usual facility services (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of LF‐LAM vs no LF‐LAM on mortality and tuberculosis treatment initiation

Mortality at 6 months · adults living with HIV

Effect of LF‐LAM showed no clear difference in mortality at 6 months compared with no LF‐LAM on mortality and tuberculosis treatment initiation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review