Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

31 questions · 33 findings · 23 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 3 · 9.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 11 · 33.3%Low 9 · 27.3%Moderate 8 · 24.2%High 2 · 6.1%

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide plus usual care vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality at final · people with moderate to severe oral paraquat poisoning

Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide plus usual care may leads to lower all‐cause mortality at final compared with usual care (with or without placebo) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring vs usual care

Death (all causes) · patients with heart failure

Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality: Telemonitoring versus usual care compared with usual care ‐ all‐cause mortality (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring vs usual care

All‐cause mortality: Structured telephone support versus usual care · patients with heart failure

Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality: Structured telephone support versus usual care compared with usual care ‐ all‐cause mortality (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Clinical outcome: all‐cause mortality ATCS Plus versus usual care or usual community care at median · patients with heart failure

The intervention showed no clear difference in clinical outcome: all‐cause mortality ATCS Plus versus usual care or… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Anti‐cytokine, all‐cause mortality ‐ uncertain risk of bias · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes mortality (all‐cause) overall analysis compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐management interventions vs usual care

All‐cause mortality · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Self‐management interventions showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).

2 findings from 2 reviews · compare the 2 reviews