Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

354 questions · 365 findings · 137 reviews · Headline outcomes only

Sort:Best matchNewest Highest certainty Download CSV

No studies found 69 · 18.9%GRADE not reported 19 · 5.2%Very low 103 · 28.2%Low 102 · 27.9%Moderate 63 · 17.3%High 9 · 2.5%

MET vs sham MET

Adverse events · patients with non‐specific low‐back pain (LBP)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

MET vs all other therapies

Adverse events · patients with non‐specific low‐back pain (LBP)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Metformin vs metformin combined with OCP

Minor adverse events · adult women with PCOS

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Metformin vs metformin combined with OCP

Adverse events ‐ Severe · adult women with PCOS

Metformin showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ Severe compared with metformin combined with oral contraceptive pill (OCP) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.74 [0.21, 2.53]
3 studies · 171 participants
Low

Cytarabine plus high‐dose methotrexate vs high‐dose methotrexate alone

Serious adverse events · patients with primary CNS lymphoma

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Role of chemotherapy additional to high‐dose methotrexate for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Metformin vs oral contraceptive pill (OCP)

Minor adverse events · adult women with PCOS

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Metformin vs oral contraceptive pill (OCP)

Adverse events ‐ Severe · adult women with PCOS

Metformin may leads to higher adverse events ‐ Severe compared with oral contraceptive pill (OCP) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 6.42 [2.98, 13.84]
11 studies · 602 participants
Low

Metformin vs active control

Serious adverse events ( · preventing the progression of CKD

Metformin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events ( compared with active control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.16 [0.79, 1.71]
2 studies · 5545 participants
Moderate

Metformin vs placebo

Serious adverse events ( · preventing the progression of CKD

Metformin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events ( compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.15 [0.76, 1.72]
3 studies · 576 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Oral classical immunosuppressants (betamethasone) vs oral classical immunosuppressants (azathioprine, methotrexate, prednisolone)

Incidence of serious adverse events · adults with alopecia areata

1 finding from 1 review

Treatments for alopecia areata: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 154 participants
Very low

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Electrocoagulation in combination with allopurinol or with dimethyl sulphoxide vs control (vehicle solution of allopurinol by mouth)

Other adverse events and complications · people with liver metastases

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Electrocoagulation for liver metastases 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Prophylactic dopamine antagonist antiemetic medications vs placebo

Adverse events · adults receiving intravenous opioids

Prophylactic dopamine antagonist antiemetic medications showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antiemetics for adults receiving intravenous opioids in the acute care setting 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.34 [0.47, 11.61]
3 studies · 527 participants
Low

Metformin vs clomiphene

Gastrointestinal adverse events · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 2 reviews · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin for ovulation induction (excluding gonadotrophins) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Insulin‐sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D‐chiro‐inositol) for women with polycystic ovary… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Thrombopoietin mimetics vs placebo

All adverse events · Adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and thrombocytopenia

Thrombopoietin mimetics showed no clear difference in all adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Thrombopoietin mimetics for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.96, 1.07]
5 studies · 390 participants
Moderate

Methylprednisolone plus azathioprine vs methylprednisolone plus dapsone

Adverse events at 1 year · bullous pemphigoid

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bullous pemphigoid 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Methotrexate and azathioprine vs methotrexate (plus leucovorin)

Significant adverse events · people with inclusion body myositis

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for inclusion body myositis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 11 participants
GRADE not reported

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

Gastrointestinal adverse events · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin probably leads to higher adverse events (gastrointestinal) per woman compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin for ovulation induction (excluding gonadotrophins) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 4 [2.63, 6.09]
7 studies · 713 participants
Moderate

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

Gastrointestinal adverse events · Women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility

Metformin probably leads to higher adverse events (gastrointestinal) per woman compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Insulin‐sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D‐chiro‐inositol) for women with polycystic ovary… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 4.76 [3.06, 7.41]
7 studies · 670 participants
Moderate

Methadone vs morphine

Adverse events: appetite, thirst, somnolence · people with cancer pain

1 finding from 1 review

Methadone for cancer pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 342 participants
Very low

Beclometasone vs placebo

Adverse events: candidiasis · participants with stable stage 2 and 3 COPD (mainly FEV1 49 ± 12% predicted), ex‐smokers (majority), smokers and non‐smokers

It is very uncertain whether beclometasone changes adverse events: candidiasis compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beclometasone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.41 [0.24, 8.31]
1 study · 194 participants
Very low