What do systematic reviews say?

MET vs sham MET

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

MET vs all other therapies

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found
• Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Metformin vs metformin combined with OCP

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Metformin vs metformin combined with OCP

Metformin showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ Severe compared with metformin combined with oral contraceptive pill (OCP) (low certainty).

• Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.74 [0.21, 2.53]
  3 studies · 171 participants
  Low

Metronidazole + SRP vs Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP

Metronidazole + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP; GRADE not reported.

• Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
  All three included trials (Matarazzo 2008; Silva 2011; Xajigeorgiou 2006) reported adverse events in both MTZ + SRP and AMOX + MTZ + SRP groups (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, metallic taste, irritability, mild…
  3 studies · 84 participants
  GRADE not reported

Cytarabine plus high‐dose methotrexate vs high‐dose methotrexate alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Role of chemotherapy additional to high‐dose methotrexate for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Metformin vs oral contraceptive pill (OCP)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Metformin vs oral contraceptive pill (OCP)

Metformin may leads to higher adverse events ‐ Severe compared with oral contraceptive pill (OCP) (low certainty).

• Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 6.42 [2.98, 13.84]
  11 studies · 602 participants
  Low

Metformin vs active control

Metformin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events ( compared with active control (moderate certainty).

• Metformin for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.16 [0.79, 1.71]
  2 studies · 5545 participants
  Moderate

Metformin vs placebo

Metformin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events ( compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Metformin for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.15 [0.76, 1.72]
  3 studies · 576 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Oral classical immunosuppressants (betamethasone) vs oral classical immunosuppressants (azathioprine, methotrexate, prednisolone)

• Treatments for alopecia areata: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 154 participants
  Very low

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Electrocoagulation in combination with allopurinol or with dimethyl sulphoxide vs control (vehicle solution of allopurinol by mouth)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Electrocoagulation for liver metastases 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic dopamine antagonist antiemetic medications vs placebo

Prophylactic dopamine antagonist antiemetic medications showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Prophylactic antiemetics for adults receiving intravenous opioids in the acute care setting 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.34 [0.47, 11.61]
  3 studies · 527 participants
  Low

Metformin vs clomiphene

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Metformin for ovulation induction (excluding gonadotrophins) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found
• Insulin‐sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D‐chiro‐inositol) for women with polycystic ovary… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Thrombopoietin mimetics vs placebo

Thrombopoietin mimetics showed no clear difference in all adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Thrombopoietin mimetics for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.96, 1.07]
  5 studies · 390 participants
  Moderate

Methylprednisolone plus azathioprine vs methylprednisolone plus dapsone

• Interventions for bullous pemphigoid 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Methotrexate and azathioprine vs methotrexate (plus leucovorin)

• Treatment for inclusion body myositis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 11 participants
  GRADE not reported

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

Metformin probably leads to higher adverse events (gastrointestinal) per woman compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

• Metformin for ovulation induction (excluding gonadotrophins) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 4 [2.63, 6.09]
  7 studies · 713 participants
  Moderate

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

Metformin probably leads to higher adverse events (gastrointestinal) per woman compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

• Insulin‐sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D‐chiro‐inositol) for women with polycystic ovary… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 4.76 [3.06, 7.41]
  7 studies · 670 participants
  Moderate

Methadone vs morphine

• Methadone for cancer pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 342 participants
  Very low