Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,514 questions · 1,543 findings · 649 reviews

No studies found 224 · 14.5%GRADE not reported 105 · 6.8%Very low 383 · 24.8%Low 447 · 29%Moderate 293 · 19%High 91 · 5.9%

Ibuprofen vs placebo

Adverse events (reported in the first 7 days after the procedure) · children with acute postoperative pain

Ibuprofen showed no clear difference in adverse events (reported in the first 7 days after the procedure) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Other methods (pooled: ART/glass ionomer cement, nano-silver fluoride, sodium fluoride varnish, placebo)

Adverse effects (tooth staining and other side effects) · Children and adults with active dental caries (aged 1-50; mostly preschool/school children with primary dentition)

SDF commonly causes black staining of arrested lesions; only mild, transient adverse events were reported, with no major adverse events (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: monoclonal antibody KB001‐A vs placebo

Number experiencing adverse effects · children (12 or over) and adults with cystic fibrosis and lung infection

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: monoclonal antibody KB001‐A changes adverse events number of participants experiencing adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): drowsiness/dizziness · patients with acute myocardial infarction

Lidocaine may leads to higher adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): drowsiness/dizziness compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methylphenidate vs placebo or no intervention

Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events · Children and adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether methylphenidate changes proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to adverse events: post‐intervention · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to adverse events: post‐intervention compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy

Specific adverse events: gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer

It is very uncertain whether cediranib plus chemotherapy changes specific adverse events: gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Adverse effects: headache · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg leads to higher primary: adverse events ‐ headache Folluw‐up: 48 weeks to 72 weeks compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Zinc vs placebo

Adverse events number of participants hospitalised during the trial · children with cystic fibrosis

Summary of findings: Zinc supplementation showed no clear difference in adverse events number of participants hospitalised during the trial compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dopamine agonist vs placebo

Risk for at least one adverse event per patient · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

Any dopamine agonist showed no clear difference in adverse events as N of participants with at least one adverse event compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Amantadine vs placebo

Risk for at least one adverse event per patient · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

Amantadine showed no clear difference in adverse events as N of participants with at least one adverse event compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Adverse events# (e.g. choking or vomiting at time of administration) · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

Dextrose gel showed no clear difference in adverse events# (e.g. choking or vomiting at time of administration) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review