Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,228 questions · 1,245 findings · 383 reviews

No studies found 403 · 32.4%GRADE not reported 128 · 10.3%Very low 385 · 30.9%Low 232 · 18.6%Moderate 81 · 6.5%High 16 · 1.3%

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + risperidone vs placebo and cognitive and behavioural therapies

Adverse effects: specific ‐ doctors' assessment of adverse effects UKU (events) Medium‐term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes adverse effects: specific ‐ doctors' assessment of adverse effects… compared with cognitive behavioural therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + placebo vs placebo or supportive treatment

Adverse effects: specific ‐ doctors' assessment of adverse effects UKU (events) Medium‐term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes adverse effects: specific ‐ doctors' assessment of adverse effects… compared with supportive therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Locking plate vs 2 mm non-locking titanium plates

Post-operative adverse events and complications (paraesthesia, swelling, segmental mobility) · Adults (16 to 68 years) with mandibular fractures excluding condylar involvement
1 finding from 1 review
  • Agarwal 2011: paraesthesia in one participant in the non-locking plate group (resolved by 3 months), none in the locking group; infection rates similar at 6 weeks and 3 months; post-operative swelling in 20% of both…
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. dysuria, neck pain, eye discomfort) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. fall,… compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acyclovir + calamine + cetirizine vs calamine + cetirizine

Minor participant‐reported adverse events not requiring withdrawal of the treatment: Headache. · pityriasis rosea

Acyclovir + calamine + cetirizine showed no clear difference in minor participant‐reported adverse events not requiring withdrawal… compared with calamine + cetirizine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fractional laser vs non‐fractional non‐ablative laser

Participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) Burning N of participants with adverse events · people with acne scars

It is very uncertain whether fractional laser changes participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) Burning N of… compared with non‐fractional non‐ablative laser (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events a. Serious adverse events b. Discontinuation of trial because of adverse events · obese children and adolescents

The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events a. Serious adverse events b. Discontinuation of trial… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chemical peeling vs needling

Participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants with positive adverse events · people with acne scars

It is very uncertain whether chemical peeling changes participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants… compared with needling (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Injectable fillers vs placebo or no treatment

Participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants with positive adverse events · people with acne scars

Injectable fillers showed no clear difference in participant‐reported adverse events (short‐term) N of participants… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Injectable fillers vs placebo or no treatment

Investigator‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants with positive adverse events · people with acne scars

Injectable fillers showed no clear difference in investigator‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. suicidal intentions) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. suicidal… compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial risk management ('Resettle' programme) vs usual care

Death during study period · adults with antisocial personality disorder

It is very uncertain whether psychosocial risk management ('Resettle' programme) changes adverse events: death during the study period Timing of assessment:… compared with treatment‐as‐usual (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review