Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,199 questions · 1,226 findings · 451 reviews

No studies found 289 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 121 · 9.9%Very low 350 · 28.5%Low 279 · 22.8%Moderate 139 · 11.3%High 48 · 3.9%

Tenofovir‐based antiviral combination regimens vs placebo or tenofovir alone or non‐tenofovir‐based antiviral regimens

Proportion of infants with serious adverse events ( · HIV‐positive pregnant women co‐infected with hepatitis B virus

It is very uncertain whether tenofovir‐based antiviral combination regimens changes proportion of infants with serious adverse events ( compared with placebo or tenofovir alone or non‐tenofovir‐based antiviral regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tenofovir‐based antiviral combination regimens vs placebo or tenofovir alone or non‐tenofovir‐based antiviral regimens

Proportion of mothers with serious adverse events ( · HIV‐positive pregnant women co‐infected with hepatitis B virus

It is very uncertain whether tenofovir‐based antiviral combination regimens changes proportion of mothers with serious adverse events ( compared with placebo or tenofovir alone or non‐tenofovir‐based antiviral regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic or nonabsorbable) vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

Treatment cessation due to adverse events · preventing fungal infections in non‐neutropenic critically ill patients

Untargeted antifungal treatment with any antifungal drug (systemic… showed no clear difference in adverse events requiring cessation of study drug(s) compared with placebo/no antifungal/any other antifungal (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Amitriptyline vs placebo

Adverse effects (drop‐outs due to adverse effects4) · adults with Major Depressive Disorder

Amitriptyline probably leads to higher overall tolerability Drop‐out due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable disaccharides vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin plus non‐absorbable… changes serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with non‐absorbable disaccharides alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs placebo or no intervention

Serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with placebo/no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with non‐absorbable disaccharide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) vs placebo

Specific adverse events · women with PMS

It is very uncertain whether oestrogen in combination with progestogen (sequential or continuous) changes specific adverse events over 2 to 4 menstrual cycles1 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SSRIs or SNRIs vs amitriptyline

Participants who withdraw because of an adverse event or any other reason · patients for whom migraine preventive interventions are indicated

SSRIs or SNRIs showed no clear difference in withdrawn (for any reasons and due to adverse events) compared with amitriptyline (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aspirin vs placebo

Adverse events in the child ‐ Congenital malformations · women with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies and recurrent pregnancy loss

It is very uncertain whether aspirin changes adverse events in the child ‐ Congenital malformations compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review