What do systematic reviews say?

Zinc vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Antioxidant supplementation for sickle cell disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

N‐acetylcysteine (1200 mg) vs placebo

N‐acetylcysteine (1200 mg) showed no clear difference in adverse effects compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Antioxidant supplementation for sickle cell disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.92 [0.75, 1.14]
  1 study · 96 participants
  Low

L‐arginine vs placebo

• Antioxidant supplementation for sickle cell disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 125 participants
  GRADE not reported

Vitamin C 1400 mg plus vitamin E 800 mg vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether vitamin C 1400 mg plus vitamin E 800 mg changes adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Antioxidant supplementation for sickle cell disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.56 [0.31, 1]
  1 study · 83 participants
  Very low

Laser therapy vs no laser therapy

• Laser therapy for retinopathy in sickle cell disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 414 participants
  Low

Exercise plus PD&P vs PD&P only

• Exercise versus airway clearance techniques for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 17 participants
  Very low

Exercise vs underwater PEP (uPEP; also known

It is very uncertain whether exercise changes adverse effects compared with underwater PEP (uPEP; also known (very low certainty).

• Exercise versus airway clearance techniques for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 13 participants
  Very low

Exercise vs ACBT

It is very uncertain whether exercise changes adverse effects compared with ACBT (very low certainty).

• Exercise versus airway clearance techniques for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 18 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo

• Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 457 participants
  Low

Recombinant human growth hormone vs placebo or no intervention

• Recombinant growth hormone therapy for X‐linked hypophosphatemia in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 20 participants
  Low

Morning vs evening inhalation of dornase alfa

• Timing of dornase alfa inhalation for cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  25 participants
  Low

Dornase alfa vs after airway clearance techniques

• Timing of dornase alfa inhalation for cystic fibrosis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  102 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low

Inhaled corticosteroids vs placebo

• Inhaled corticosteroids for cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 295 participants
  Low

Hydroxyurea vs placebo or usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hydroxyurea for reducing blood transfusion in non‐transfusion dependent beta thalassaemias 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta‐thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Zinc vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta‐thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings – denosumab vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta‐thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings – strontium ranelate vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta‐thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings – bisphosphonates changes adverse effects of treatment compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta‐thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 15
  2 studies · 143 participants
  Very low