What do systematic reviews say?

Acupoint PC6 stimulation and antiemetic combination vs antiemetics

• Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 7 participants
  GRADE not reported

Acupoint PC6 stimulation vs sham

• Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 35 participants
  GRADE not reported

Acupoint PC6 stimulation vs antiemetics

• Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 11 participants
  GRADE not reported

Paracervical vs other regional anaesthesia

• Paracervical local anaesthesia for cervical dilatation and uterine intervention 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 55 participants
  Low

Paracervical vs systemic analgesia

• Paracervical local anaesthesia for cervical dilatation and uterine intervention 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 571 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Lidocaine for reducing propofol‐induced pain on induction of anaesthesia in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  32 studies · 4007 participants
  Low

Perioperative statins vs placebo or no treatment

• Perioperative statin therapy for improving outcomes during and after noncardiac vascular surgery 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 188 participants
  GRADE not reported

Paracervical vs placebo

Paracervical showed no clear difference in adverse effects ‐ Sweating compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Paracervical local anaesthesia for cervical dilatation and uterine intervention 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.08 [0.7, 1.67]
  1 study · 142 participants
  Moderate

Paracervical vs placebo

Paracervical probably leads to higher adverse effects ‐ Hypotension compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Paracervical local anaesthesia for cervical dilatation and uterine intervention 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.06 [1.21, 7.78]
  2 studies · 171 participants
  Moderate

Primary outcome: topical local anaesthetics vs infiltrated local anaesthetics or other topical agents

Primary outcome: topical local anaesthetics led to lower anaesthetic‐related adverse effects compared with infiltrated local anaesthetics or other topical agents; GRADE not reported.

• Topical anaesthetics for pain control during repair of dermal laceration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0 [0, 0]
  11 studies · 1686 participants
  GRADE not reported

Paracervical vs placebo

Paracervical showed no clear difference in adverse effects ‐ Nausea and vomiting compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Paracervical local anaesthesia for cervical dilatation and uterine intervention 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.24 [0.02, 2.8]
  3 studies · 429 participants
  Moderate

4% prilocaine plain vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found
• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found
• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: See comment; 147 participants, 147 interventions (2 studies); unclear whether data relate to just solution deposition. Not pooled/graded.
  2 studies · 147 participants
  GRADE not reported

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: See comment (orphan study); 86 participants, 172 interventions (1 study). Not pooled/graded.
  1 study · 86 participants
  GRADE not reported
• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: See comment (orphan study; exact time of follow-up not reported); 86 participants, 172 interventions (1 study). Not pooled/graded.
  1 study · 86 participants
  GRADE not reported

3% prilocaine, 0.03 IU felypressin vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found
• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: See comment (orphan study; unclear whether data relate to just solution deposition; SDs not reported); 18 participants, 36 interventions (1 study). Not pooled/graded.
  1 study · 18 participants
  GRADE not reported
• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found
• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: See comment (orphan study; unclear whether data relate to just solution deposition; SDs not reported); 18 participants, 36 interventions (1 study). Not pooled/graded.
  1 study · 18 participants
  GRADE not reported

2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found
• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: See comment (orphan study; unclear whether data relate to just solution deposition); 48 participants, 48 interventions (1 study). Not pooled/graded.
  1 study · 48 participants
  GRADE not reported

Multiple vs single‐injection technique

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 244 participants
  Low

Multiple vs double‐injection technique

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 510 participants
  Low