What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention vs active comparison

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Tailored or adapted interventions for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and at least one other… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention vs active comparison

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Tailored or adapted interventions for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and at least one other… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy (specific preventive intervention) + needs‐based intervention + risperidone vs needs‐based intervention

• Interventions for prodromal stage of psychosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention vs any comparison

• Methods of decreasing infection to improve outcomes after liver resections 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 44 participants
  Very low

Intervention vs any comparison

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes mortality ‐ Topical povidone iodine gel versus no topical povidone… compared with comparison (very low certainty).

• Methods of decreasing infection to improve outcomes after liver resections 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.35 [0.24, 7.53]
  1 study · 59 participants
  Very low

Primary school-based interventions (one or more of: school health policy, oral health education, healthy school environment, access to oral health services, community involvement) vs usual practice

School-based interventions may reduce the prevalence of dental caries (RR 0.70, favouring intervention), but the certainty of evidence is very low.

• Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomes

  Post-intervention; follow-up varied across studies (interventions ranged from <2 years to >=2 years and longer) · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean)
  RR 0.70 [0.53, 0.94]
  4 studies · 2968 participants
  Very low
• Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomes

  <2 years · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean) · Intervention duration <2 years
  RR 0.95 [0.75, 1.21]
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported
• Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomes

  >=2 years · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean) · Intervention duration >=2 years
  RR 0.58 [0.40, 0.84]
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

An intervention delivered at one time point vs The same intervention delivered at a different time point

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes

  < 3 months; ≤ 6 months; > 6 months
  Discussion / Methods: no trials addressed optimal timing; the planned timing subgroup analyses (< 3 months, ≤ 6 months, > 6 months) could not be undertaken.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

• Surgical versus conservative interventions for treating acromioclavicular dislocation of the shoulder in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 122 participants
  Low

Pedometer intervention vs minimal intervention

• Workplace pedometer interventions for increasing physical activity 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 58 participants
  Very low

Dietary interventions vs diet and physical activity interventions combined

• Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 3971 participants
  High

Dietary interventions vs diet and physical activity interventions combined

• Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 3971 participants
  High

Multi‐component intervention vs other treatments/routine care

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component intervention changes adverse events: number of people experiencing an AE compared with other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment (very low certainty).

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.07 [0.51, 2.25]
  1 study · 166 participants
  Very low

Multi‐component intervention vs other treatments/routine care

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events: number of people experiencing a serious adverse event compared with other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment (low certainty).

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.85 [0.55, 1.34]
  1 study · 319 participants
  Low

Multi‐component intervention vs other treatments/routine care

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 20 participants
  Very low

Multi‐component intervention vs other treatments/routine care

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 241 participants
  Very low

Multicomponent interventions vs no intervention

• Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2961 participants
  Moderate

Multicomponent interventions vs no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multicomponent interventions vs no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multi‐component intervention vs no intervention

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with low back pain/discomfort compared with no intervention (low certainty).

• Workplace interventions for increasing standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.69, 1.27]
  3 studies · 107 participants
  Low

Multi‐component intervention vs no intervention

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with upper back pain/discomfort compared with no intervention (low certainty).

• Workplace interventions for increasing standing or walking for decreasing musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary workers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.88 [0.4, 1.96]
  2 studies · 40 participants
  Low