Cochrane · systematic review · CD001871
Interventions for preventing obesity in children
Brown, T, Moore, THM, Hooper, L, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2019 · Cochrane Library
Public HealthAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
47
current version
GRADE rated
47
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 3 · 6.4%Low 18 · 38.3%Moderate 11 · 23.4%High 15 · 31.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Dietary interventions compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 0 to 5 years
Population: children aged 0‐5 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Dietary interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 520 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Physical activity interventions compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 0 to 5 years
Population: children aged 0‐5 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index (BMI) Physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 2233 participants | High |
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 1053 participants | High |
Diet and physical activity interventions combined compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 0 to 5 years
Population: children aged 0‐5 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Diet and physical activity interventions combined vs control | no estimate extracted | 16 studies · 6261 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Body‐mass index (BMI) Diet and physical activity interventions combined vs control | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 5536 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions compared to control in children aged 0 to 5 years
Population: children aged 0 to 5 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Insufficient weight gain in infants Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 110 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Physical injuries Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 652 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Adverse events Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 983 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Infections Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 709 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Accidents Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 42 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Dietary interventions compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 6 to 12 years
Population: children aged 6‐12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Dietary interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 7231 participants | High |
Body‐mass index (BMI) Dietary interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 5061 participants | High |
Physical activity interventions compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 6 to 12 years
Population: children aged 6‐12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 6841 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Body‐mass index (BMI) Physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 14 studies · 16410 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse event outcomes for physical activity interventions compared to no intervention in children aged 6 to 12 years
Population: children aged 6‐12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Physical injuries Adverse event outcomes for physical activity interventions vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 912 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Underweight Adverse event outcomes for physical activity interventions vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 5266 participants | High |
Depression Adverse event outcomes for physical activity interventions vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 225 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Body satisfaction Adverse event outcomes for physical activity interventions vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 225 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Increased weight concerns Adverse event outcomes for physical activity interventions vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 225 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Diet and physical activity interventions combined compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 6 to 12 years
Population: children aged 6‐12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Diet and physical activity interventions combined vs control | no estimate extracted | 20 studies · 24043 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Body‐mass index (BMI) Diet and physical activity interventions combined vs control | no estimate extracted | 25 studies · 19498 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions compared to no intervention or usual care for preventing obesity in children aged 6 to 12 years
Population: children aged 6 to 12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Underweight Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs no intervention or usual care | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 784 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Depression Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs no intervention or usual care | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 225 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Increased weight concern Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs no intervention or usual care | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 285 participants | High |
Body satisfaction Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs no intervention or usual care | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1128 participants | High |
Visits to a healthcare provider Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs no intervention or usual care | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Adverse events related to taking of blood samples Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs no intervention or usual care | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 4603 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Underweight Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs no intervention or usual care | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 724 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Injuries Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs no intervention or usual care | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Diet interventions compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 13 to 18 years
Population: children aged 13‐18 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index (BMI) Diet interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 294 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Physical activity interventions compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 13 to 18 years
Population: children aged 13‐18 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 100 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Body‐mass index (BMI) Physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 720 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Adverse events outcomes for physical activity interventions compared to control in children aged 13 to 18 years
Population: children aged 13‐18 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body satisfaction Adverse events outcomes for physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 190 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Unhealthy weight gain Adverse events outcomes for physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 546 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Self‐acceptance/self‐worth Adverse events outcomes for physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 546 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Binge eating Adverse events outcomes for physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 556 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Diet and physical activity interventions combined compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 13 to 18 years
Population: children aged 13‐18 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Diet and physical activity interventions combined vs control | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 16543 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Body‐mass index (BMI) Diet and physical activity interventions combined vs control | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 16583 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions compared to control for preventing obesity in children aged 13 to 18 years
Population: children aged 13‐18 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Depression Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 779 participants | High |
Clinical levels of shape and weight concern Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 282 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Anxiety Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 779 participants | High |
Dietary interventions compared to physical activity interventions for preventing obesity in children aged 6 to 12 years
Population: children aged 6‐12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index (BMI) Dietary interventions vs physical activity interventions | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 4917 participants | High |
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Dietary interventions vs physical activity interventions | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1205 participants | High |
Diet and physical activity interventions combined compared to physical activity interventions alone for preventing obesity in children aged 6 to 12 years
Population: children aged 6‐12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index (BMI) Diet and physical activity interventions combined vs physical activity interventions alone | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 3946 participants | High |
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Diet and physical activity interventions combined vs physical activity interventions alone | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 3946 participants | High |
Dietary interventions alone compared to diet and physical activity interventions combined for preventing obesity in children aged 6 to 12 years
Population: children aged 6‐12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Body‐mass index (BMI) Dietary interventions alone vs diet and physical activity interventions combined | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 3971 participants | High |
Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) Dietary interventions alone vs diet and physical activity interventions combined | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 3971 participants | High |