Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

711 questions · 751 findings · 86 reviews

No studies found 171 · 22.8%GRADE not reported 61 · 8.1%Very low 192 · 25.6%Low 174 · 23.2%Moderate 108 · 14.4%High 45 · 6%

Antibiotics vs placebo

Mortality and morbidity prior to discharge (Neonatal intensive care admissions) · Women with meconium‐stained amniotic fluid in labour, gestational age more than 24 weeks

Antibiotic showed no clear difference in mortality and morbidity prior to discharge (Neonatal intensive care… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs control ‐ primary outcomes

Prevention ‐ any AOM or CSOM during intervention · patients with the prevention of acute and chronic suppurative otitis media in children

Antibiotic probably leads to lower prevention ‐ any AOM or CSOM during intervention compared with control ‐ primary outcomes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs control ‐ secondary outcomes

Side effects ‐ any clinical side effects during intervention · patients with the prevention of acute and chronic suppurative otitis media in children

Antibiotic showed no clear difference in side effects ‐ any clinical side effects during intervention compared with control ‐ secondary outcomes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic 1 vs antibiotic 2

Recurrence of symptomatic UTI: cotrimoxazole (1) versus cefprozil (2) · children with primarily normal renal tracts who have experienced at least one UTI

Antibiotic 1 showed no clear difference in recurrence of symptomatic UTI: cotrimoxazole (1) versus cefprozil (2) compared with antibiotic 2 (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic 1 vs antibiotic 2

Microbial resistance to prophylactic drugs: nitrofurantoin (1) versus cotrimoxazole (2) · children with primarily normal renal tracts who have experienced at least one UTI

Antibiotic 1 probably leads to lower microbial resistance to prophylactic drugs: nitrofurantoin (1)… compared with antibiotic 2 (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review