Cochrane · systematic review · CD001534
Long‐term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children
Williams, G, Craig, JC · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2019 · Cochrane Library
Kidney and TransplantAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
13
current version
GRADE rated
13
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 7.7%Low 7 · 53.8%Moderate 5 · 38.5%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Antibiotic treatment versus placebo or no treatment
Population: children with previous UTI and most do not have a renal tract abnormality such as VUR
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children Antibiotic treatment vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.75 [0.28, 1.98] | 5 studies · 1074 participants | Low |
Recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children without VUR Antibiotic treatment vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.6 [0.13, 2.74] | 4 studies · 541 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children with VUR Antibiotic treatment vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.65 [0.39, 1.07] | 2 studies · 371 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children, in studies with adequate allocation concealment Antibiotic treatment vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.68 [0.48, 0.95] | 2 studies · 914 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Repeat positive urine culture Antibiotic treatment vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.31 [0.08, 1.18] | 4 studies · 467 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
All adverse events Antibiotic treatment vs placebo or no treatment | RR 2.31 [0.03, 170.67] | 2 studies · 914 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Microbial resistance to prophylactic drug Antibiotic treatment vs placebo or no treatment | RR 2.4 [0.62, 9.26] | 2 studies · 118 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Antibiotic 1 versus antibiotic 2 for preventing repeat UTI in children
Population: children with primarily normal renal tracts who have experienced at least one UTI
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Recurrence of symptomatic UTI: nitrofurantoin (1) versus cotrimoxazole (2) Antibiotic 1 vs antibiotic 2 | RR 0.57 [0.35, 0.92] | 2 studies · 157 participants | Moderate |
Recurrence of symptomatic UTI: cotrimoxazole (1) versus cefadroxil (2) Antibiotic 1 vs antibiotic 2 | RR 1.79 [0.33, 9.7] | 1 study · 46 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Recurrence of symptomatic UTI: cotrimoxazole (1) versus cefprozil (2) Antibiotic 1 vs antibiotic 2 | RR 0.69 [0.2, 2.39] | 1 study · 55 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Microbial resistance to prophylactic drugs: nitrofurantoin (1) versus cotrimoxazole (2) Antibiotic 1 vs antibiotic 2 | RR 0.54 [0.31, 0.92] | 2 studies · 96 participants | Moderate |
Adverse events: cotrimoxazole (1) versus cefprozil (2) Antibiotic 1 vs antibiotic 2 | RR 1.62 [0.36, 7.29] | 1 study · 55 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Adverse events: nitrofurantoin (1) versus trimethoprim (2) Antibiotic 1 vs antibiotic 2 | RR 2.18 [1.39, 3.41] | 1 study · 120 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |