Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a maxillary permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)
In the maxilla, extraction at Demirjian stage E (vs later F-H) increases odds of space closure (OR 4.78; low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel resistance to demineralization (microhardness / lesion depth) · Human enamel adjacent to restorations or in pits and fissures (in situ / ex vivo)
Er:YAG laser showed a mixed and limited effect on enamel resistance to demineralization: feasible for controlling progression around restorations but not preventing caries formation, and ineffective in pits and fissures (ungraded, 2 ex-vivo studies, no pooled estimate).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions)
1 finding from 1 review
Gao 2019 noted that "arrested lesions were stained black" (reported with no associated data). No other adverse effects observed, and no reports from parents of systemic disease.
1 study · 1070 participants
Very low
Dental caries · Adults in case-control studies (oral cancer patients vs healthy controls)
The DMFT index was significantly higher in oral cancer patients than controls (SMD 0.65, 95% CI 0.12-1.18); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success)
1 finding from 1 review
Biofilm morphological changes · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)
Cranberry extract alters S. mutans biofilm morphology/architecture (4 studies; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Cranberry treatment disrupted biofilm integrity with agglutination/cell degradation at higher concentrations (Singhal), reduced polymicrobial biomass 38% at 96 h (Philip 2019), produced defective accumulation and…
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Spontaneous space closure
1 finding from 1 review
OR >100.00
1 study
GRADE not reported
Lactobacillus spp. mean levels/counts · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)
No significant difference in Lactobacillus spp. presence was reported; GRADE was not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Brazilian children/adolescents in permanent dentition (BMI classified by CDC 2000 growth charts)
Overweight may make little or no difference to caries experience (DMFT) in the permanent dentition (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success)
1 finding from 1 review
Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years
It is very uncertain whether started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste at or before 24… changes fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with started after 24 months (later start) (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Mean number of missing teeth in OC cases vs controls · Adults in case-control studies (oral cancer patients vs healthy controls)
The mean number of missing teeth did not differ significantly between oral cancer patients and controls (SMD 0.59, 95% CI -0.04 to 1.22); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Decayed, missing, filled surfaces (DMFS)
The intervention showed no clear difference in decayed, missing, filled surfaces (DMFS); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Serum vitamin D (25(OH)D): ECC vs caries-free
The intervention led to lower serum vitamin D (25(OH)D): ECC vs caries-free; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Lactobacillus count (CFU/mL) · Children and/or adolescents (<18 years) without background systemic disease
Probiotics may make little to no difference to Lactobacillus count versus control (MD -0.78 CFU/mL, 95%CI -1.65 to 0.09; very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged 6 years or younger (preschool children)
Serum 25(OH)D 50–75 nmol/l (vs ≥75 nmol/l) was associated with higher odds of ECC (OR 1.42; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel demineralization (QLF ΔF) · Human enamel specimens under cariogenic challenge (in situ / ex vivo)
Evidence on a synergistic effect of combining CO2 laser with fluoride versus fluoride alone is mixed: one ex-vivo study found combined treatment superior while another found no synergy (ungraded, 2 ex-vivo studies, no pooled estimate).
1 finding from 1 review
Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents with maxillary permanent first molar extraction
In the maxilla, M2 Demirjian stages F-G were not associated with a statistically significant difference in space closure odds.
1 finding from 1 review
Ion release · Human teeth with early enamel lesions surrounding orthodontic brackets
No meta-analysis was conducted; most studies reported increased ion release over time, but few reported peak values.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
8 studies
GRADE not reported
Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)
In the mandible, Demirjian stage E-F vs G-H was not significantly associated with space closure (OR 4.44; not GRADE-rated).
1 finding from 1 review