Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,337 questions · 1,354 findings · 566 reviews

No studies found 307 · 22.7%GRADE not reported 81 · 6%Very low 424 · 31.3%Low 310 · 22.9%Moderate 189 · 14%High 43 · 3.2%

Pexastimogene devacirepvec (Pexa‐Vec) plus best supportive care vs best supportive care

Proportion of people with ≥ 1 serious adverse events (at 20 months) · participants with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether pexastimogene devacirepvec (Pexa‐Vec) plus best supportive care changes proportion of people with ≥ 1 serious adverse events (at 20 months) compared with best supportive care alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐serious local adverse events (all included trials) ICH‐GCP 1997 · patients with preventing hepatitis A.

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐serious local adverse events (all included trials) ICH‐GCP 1997 (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regular salmeterol vs salbutamol

All‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐ adults and adolescents · patients with chronic asthma

Regular salmeterol showed no clear difference in all‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐ adults and adolescents compared with regular salbutamol (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham

Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year compared with sham treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic papillary balloon dilation

Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year compared with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus cefotaxime) · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus cefotaxime) compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bioengineered devices vs standard techniques

Adverse events assessed as: adverse events (serious and non‐serious) · people undergoing peripheral nerve repair of the upper limb

It is very uncertain whether bioengineered devices changes adverse events assessed as: adverse events (serious and non‐serious) compared with standard techniques (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Heated tobacco use vs cigarette smoking

Serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether heated tobacco use changes serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records compared with cigarette smoking (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus doxycycline) · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus doxycycline) compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs other treatments/routine care

Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events: number of people experiencing a serious adverse event compared with other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rituximab vs placebo

Serious adverse events measured by clinical assessment over 12 months · relapsing multiple sclerosis

It is very uncertain whether rituximab as 'switching' changes serious adverse events measured by clinical assessment over 12 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review