Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

100 questions · 100 findings · 41 reviews

No studies found 31 · 31%GRADE not reported 4 · 4%Very low 34 · 34%Low 19 · 19%Moderate 10 · 10%High 2 · 2%

Vitamin E (capsules 2000 IU/day in two divided doses) vs placebo

Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · people with Alzheimer's disease

Vitamin E (capsules 2000 IU/day in two divided doses) showed no clear difference in adverse events Number of participants reporting ≥ 1 serious adverse… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs formoterol

Adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of participants · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol leads to lower adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of… compared with formoterol (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs placebo

Adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of participants · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs aclidinium alone

Adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of participants · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of… compared with aclidinium alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alemtuzumab 12 mg vs interferon beta‐1a

Adverse events, including serious adverse events Assessed by: number of participants with ≥ 1 event · adults with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

Alemtuzumab 12 mg showed no clear difference in adverse events, including serious events Assessed by: number of… compared with interferon beta‐1a (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative education vs usual care

Total number of serious adverse events (infection, thrombosis, other serious adverse events · patients with knee replacement surgery

Preoperative education showed no clear difference in total number of serious adverse events (infection, thrombosis, other… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative education vs usual care

Total number of serious adverse events (infection, thrombosis, other serious adverse events · hip replacement

It is very uncertain whether preoperative education changes total number of serious adverse events (infection, thrombosis, other… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alemtuzumab 24 mg vs interferon beta‐1a

Adverse events, including serious adverse events Assessed by: number of participants with ≥ 1 event · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

Alemtuzumab 24 mg showed no clear difference in adverse events, including serious adverse events Assessed by: number… compared with interferon beta‐1a (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Palliative care vs usual care

Adverse effects: at least one serious adverse event · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

Palliative care showed no clear difference in serious adverse events Assessed by: number of participants… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

Serious adverse events (number) ‐ pegylated interferon‐alpha plus ribavirin versus pegylated interferon‐alpha · people with acute hepatitis C infection

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes serious adverse events (number) ‐ pegylated interferon‐alpha plus… compared with no intervention or control intervention (control) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs control

Adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all cause or COPD‐related), serious adverse events, mortality · COPD

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single component intervention vs control

Adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all cause or COPD‐related), serious adverse events, mortality · COPD

It is very uncertain whether single component intervention changes adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all… compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

There was no evidence of differences in the number of serious adverse events for any of the comparisons Quality of evidence = very low1,2,3. · people undergoing liver resection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Quinolone vs macrolides

Quality of life Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity Serious adverse events Lung function Hospitalisations Adverse events/side effects Number of participants colonised with P aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolides vs tetracycline

Quality of life Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity Serious adverse events Lung function Hospitalisations Adverse events/side effects Number of participants colonised with P aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Quinolone vs tetracycline

Quality of life Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity Serious adverse events Lung function Hospitalisations Adverse events/side effects Number of participants colonised with P aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review