Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

937 questions · 965 findings · 450 reviews

No studies found 180 · 18.7%GRADE not reported 44 · 4.6%Very low 268 · 27.8%Low 254 · 26.3%Moderate 166 · 17.2%High 53 · 5.5%

Self‐management interventions vs usual care

All‐cause mortality · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Self‐management interventions showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).

2 findings from 2 reviews · compare the 2 reviews

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs NPH insulin

All‐cause mortality
2 findings from 2 reviews · compare the 2 reviews

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

All‐cause mortality

Short‐acting insulin analogues showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (N) compared with regular human insulin (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 2 reviews · compare the 2 reviews

Evening vs morning dosing regimen

All‐cause mortality · adults with primary (essential) hypertension whose systolic or diastolic (or both) blood pressure levels were 130/80 mmHg or greater

It is very uncertain whether evening changes all‐cause mortality compared with morning dosing regimen (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality · participants living with overweight or obesity

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Double‐dose adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver transplantation vs liver transplantation

All‐cause mortality · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Double‐dose adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir… may leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with liver transplantation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver transplantation vs liver transplantation

All‐cause mortality · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver… changes all‐cause mortality compared with liver transplantation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas

Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review