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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

99 questions · 99 findings · 55 reviews · Hepato-Biliary

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No studies found 16 · 16.2%GRADE not reported 8 · 8.1%Very low 56 · 56.6%Low 16 · 16.2%Moderate 1 · 1%High 2 · 2%

Double‐dose adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver transplantation vs liver transplantation

All‐cause mortality · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Double‐dose adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir… may leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with liver transplantation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver transplantation vs liver transplantation

All‐cause mortality · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether adenovirus‐thymidine kinase with ganciclovir (ADV‐TK/GCV) plus liver… changes all‐cause mortality compared with liver transplantation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas

Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Band ligation vs no intervention or a sham procedure

All‐cause mortality · children with portal hypertension and large oesophageal varices, without previous gastrointestinal bleeding or beta‐blocker treatment

It is very uncertain whether band ligation changes all‐cause mortality compared with sham or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Portosystemic shunts vs endoscopic intervention with or without medical treatment

All‐cause mortality · participants with cirrhosis and with previous oesophagogastric variceal bleeding

It is very uncertain whether portosystemic shunts changes all‐cause mortality compared with endoscopic intervention with or without medical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Distal splenorenal shunt vs endoscopic intervention

All‐cause mortality · participants with cirrhosis and with previous oesophagogastric variceal bleeding

It is very uncertain whether distal splenorenal shunt changes all‐cause mortality compared with endoscopic intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts vs endoscopic intervention with or without medical treatment

All‐cause mortality · participants with cirrhosis and with previous oesophagogastric variceal bleeding

It is very uncertain whether transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt changes all‐cause mortality compared with endoscopic intervention with or without medical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Total shunt vs endoscopic intervention

All‐cause mortality · participants with cirrhosis and with previous oesophagogastric variceal bleeding

It is very uncertain whether total shunt changes all‐cause mortality compared with endoscopic intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sclerotherapy vs no intervention

All‐cause mortality · primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding in children with chronic liver disease or portal vein thrombosis

It is very uncertain whether sclerotherapy changes all‐cause mortality compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review