Question · asked by 1 review
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy: Dental caries in children
- Population
- Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries)
- Intervention
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy
- Comparison
- No maternal smoking during pregnancy
- Outcome
- Dental caries in children
In the USA study, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.49).
What each review found
Current versions onlyNo studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 15 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
| Finding | Effect | Studies | GRADE certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Study region: USA In the USA study, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.49). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.85 [1.38, 2.49] | 1 study | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Dental examination: Clinical and radiographic examinations In the study using clinical and radiographic examinations, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 2.21, 95% CI 2.09 to 2.34). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 2.21 [2.09, 2.34] | 1 study | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Study region: Europe In European studies, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.40 to 1.99). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.67 [1.40, 1.99] | 4 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Dental examination: Visual/tactile examination In studies using visual/tactile examination, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.74). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.48 [1.26, 1.74] | 4 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Sample size: <=1000 In studies with sample size <=1000, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.40). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.63 [1.11, 2.40] | 3 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Overall (all 12 studies pooled) Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with increased odds of dental caries in children (pooled OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.05); ungraded, high heterogeneity (I2=68.53%) and publication bias present. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.774 [1.554, 2.026] | 12 studies · 90405 participants | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Sample size: >3000 In studies with sample size >3000, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 2.18, 95% CI 2.07 to 2.31). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 2.18 [2.07, 2.31] | 2 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Study region: Asia In Asian studies, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.40 to 2.10). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.71 [1.40, 2.10] | 5 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Children's age: >3 years In children aged >3 years, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.18). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.83 [1.53, 2.18] | 5 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Children's age: <=3 years In children aged <=3 years, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.50 to 1.91). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.70 [1.50, 1.91] | 7 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Sample size: >1000 and ≤3000 In studies with sample size 1000 to 3000, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.88). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.70 [1.48, 1.88] | 7 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Study region: Australia In the Australian study, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.10). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.68 [1.35, 2.10] | 1 study | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Dental examination: Parent-reported dental caries In the study using parent-reported caries, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.10). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.68 [1.35, 2.10] | 1 study | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Dental examination: Clinical oral examinations In studies using clinical oral examinations, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.47 to 2.26). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.82 [1.47, 2.26] | 2 studies | GRADE not reported |
Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Dental examination: Visual examination In studies using visual examination, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.59 to 2.16). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and… (2024) All outcomes | OR 1.85 [1.59, 2.16] | 4 studies | GRADE not reported |
Findings are shown side by side, never pooled across reviews.
The reviews
| Review | Searched up to | Included studies | AMSTAR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood dental caries in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2024 All outcomes | 15 November 2023 | 12 | Not applicable |
Related questions
The same intervention and outcome, asked in another population or against another comparator.
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Children in cross-sectional studies · 1 review
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Children in cross-sectional studies from Europe · 1 review
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Children in cross-sectional studies from Asia · 1 review
Studies behind the findings
The primary studies the full-text reviews tie to this outcome. Reviews with headline outcomes only do not list them here.
- The association of maternal smoking and other sociobehavioral factors with dental caries in toddlers: A cross-sectional study. · 2023 · included by 1 of these review
- Risk Factors for Early Childhood Caries in Three-Year-Old Japanese Children: A Prospective Cohort Study. · 2022 · included by 1 of these review
- Does the Trimester of Smoking Matter in the Association between Prenatal Smoking and the Risk of Early Childhood Caries? · 2021 · included by 1 of these review
- Caries Risk Prediction Models in a Medical Health Care Setting. · 2020 · included by 1 of these review
- Socioeconomic Determinants, Maternal Health, and Caries in Young Children. · 2018 · included by 1 of these review
- Prenatal and familial factors of caries in first permanent molars in schoolchildren living in urban area of Łódź, Poland. · 2016 · included by 1 of these review
- The relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and parental-reported experience of dental caries in Indigenous Australian… · 2016 · included by 1 of these review
- Association of prenatal exposure to maternal smoking and postnatal exposure to household smoking with dental caries in 3-year-old Japanese… · 2015 · included by 1 of these review
- Feeding and smoking habits as cumulative risk factors for early childhood caries in toddlers, after adjustment for several behavioral… · 2014 · included by 1 of these review
- The effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy and postnatal household smoking on dental caries in young children. · 2009 · included by 1 of these review
- Dental caries in 3-year-old children and smoking status of parents. · 2008 · included by 1 of these review
- Association between infant breastfeeding and early childhood caries in the United States. · 2007 · included by 1 of these review
How reviews are matched to this question
Reviews word the same question differently. Four decision models (TypeSafe's Jev, Liquid AI's d1-ultra, SubQ Snap and Baseten's Elephant) judged each wording of the population, intervention, comparator and outcome against the others; two wordings count as the same when at least three of them agree and none clearly disagrees, and findings count as this question only when all four elements match. Timing, setting and subgroup never split a question: they are shown on each finding.