Primary study · included by 5 reviews
Feeding and smoking habits as cumulative risk factors for early childhood caries in toddlers, after adjustment for several behavioral determinants: a retrospective study.
Majorana et al. (2014) · Majorana Alessandra, Cagetti Maria Grazia, Bardellini Elena, et al. · BMC pediatrics · 2014
Trial PICO
Not extracted yet. Trial-level population, intervention, comparator, outcomes and design will appear here after the trial extraction run. Until then, the reviews below describe the study.
Results
Not extracted yet. Per-trial results (events, means, effect and weight as each review's forest plot reports them) will appear here after the trial extraction run.
Included by
| Outcome this study informs | Pooled effect | Evidence | Certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Presence of dental caries Breastfeeding vs Bottle feeding | OR 0.43 [0.23, 0.80] | 2 studies · 620 participants | Ungraded |
Presence of dental caries Breastfeeding vs Bottle feeding | Four studies showed that bottle fed children had more dental caries (p<0.05), while three studies found no such association (p>0.05); the review concluded that breastfeeding can protect against dental caries in early… | 7 studies | Ungraded |
| Outcome this study informs | Pooled effect | Evidence | Certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Dental caries (presence; primary or permanent dentition) Passive tobacco exposure (prenatal maternal smoking or postnatal secondhand/household smoke) vs No passive tobacco exposure (non-exposed children) | OR 1.528 [1.394, 1.676] | 21 studies | Ungraded |
The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.
The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.
| Outcome this study informs | Pooled effect | Evidence | Certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.85 [1.38, 2.49] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 2.21 [2.09, 2.34] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.67 [1.40, 1.99] | 4 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.48 [1.26, 1.74] | 4 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.63 [1.11, 2.40] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.774 [1.554, 2.026] | 12 studies · 90405 participants | Ungraded |
Dental caries Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy | OR 1.78 [1.55, 2.05] | 12 studies · 90405 participants | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 2.18 [2.07, 2.31] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.71 [1.40, 2.10] | 5 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.83 [1.53, 2.18] | 5 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.70 [1.50, 1.91] | 7 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.70 [1.48, 1.88] | 7 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.68 [1.35, 2.10] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.68 [1.35, 2.10] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.82 [1.47, 2.26] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Dental caries in children Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood | OR 1.85 [1.59, 2.16] | 4 studies | Ungraded |
5 including reviews in total.