Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

378 questions · 394 findings · 42 reviews · Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 94 · 23.9%GRADE not reported 16 · 4.1%Very low 131 · 33.2%Low 81 · 20.6%Moderate 63 · 16%High 9 · 2.3%

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs placebo or no intervention

Anaemia · preschool and school‐age children

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrients powders (MNP) probably leads to lower anaemia (defined as haemoglobin < 110 g/L for children aged 24‐59… compared with no intervention or placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Point‐of‐use fortification of foods with micronutrient powders containing iron in children of preschool and school‐age 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.66 [0.49, 0.88]
10 studies · 2448 participants
Moderate

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) vs vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s)

Mean height‐for‐age z‐score · children under 5 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

Mean height‐for‐age z‐score · children under 5 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1258 participants
Moderate

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Mean height‐for‐age z‐score · children under 5 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 105 participants
Low

Low‐ and middle‐income countries: Feeding vs control ‐ growth RCTs

Mean weight‐for‐age z‐score · Low‐ and middle‐income children aged 3 months to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio‐economically disadvantaged children… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 1565 participants
Moderate

Low‐ and middle‐income countries: Feeding vs control ‐ growth RCTs

Stunting · Low‐ and middle‐income children aged 3 months to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio‐economically disadvantaged children… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 4544 participants
Moderate

Low‐ and middle‐income countries: Feeding vs control. CBAs

Mean weight‐for‐age z‐score · Children aged 3 months to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio‐economically disadvantaged children… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 999 participants
Very low

Low‐ and middle‐income countries: Feeding vs control. CBAs

Stunting · Children aged 3 months to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio‐economically disadvantaged children… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 999 participants
Very low

Supplementary feeding vs no food supplementation or placebo

Mean weight‐for‐age z‐score · Children aged less than five years in LMIC

2 findings from 1 review

Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 308 participants
Moderate
Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 308 participants
Moderate

Supplementary feeding vs no food supplementation or placebo

Mean height‐for‐age z‐score · Children aged less than five years in LMIC

2 findings from 1 review

Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 308 participants
Low
Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 308 participants
Low

Supplementary feeding vs no food supplementation

Change in weight z score · Children aged less than five years in LMIC

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 348 participants
Low

Intermittent use of iron supplements vs placebo or no intervention

Anaemia · children under 12 years of age

Intermittent use of iron supplements probably leads to lower anaemia (haemoglobin below a cut‐off defined by trialists, taking… compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intermittent iron supplementation for improving nutrition and development in children under 12 years of age 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.51 [0.37, 0.72]
10 studies · 1824 participants
Moderate

Intermittent vs any daily iron supplementation

Anaemia · children under 12 years of age

Intermittent may leads to higher anaemia (haemoglobin below a cut‐off defined by trialists, taking… compared with daily use of iron supplements (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intermittent iron supplementation for improving nutrition and development in children under 12 years of age 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.23 [1.04, 1.47]
6 studies · 980 participants
Low

Parent‐mediated intervention vs treatment

Expressive language (number of (different) target words) · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with Down syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 12 participants
Very low

Parent‐ and clinician‐mediated intervention vs clinician‐mediated intervention alone

Language attrition · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with Down syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Very low

Parent‐mediated intervention vs treatment

Receptive language (total language; standard scores) · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with Down syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 15 participants
Very low

Parent‐mediated intervention vs treatment

Language attrition · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with Down syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 27 participants
Very low

Parent‐ and clinician‐mediated intervention vs clinician‐mediated intervention alone

Expressive language (number of words; standard scores; MLUw; NDW; IPSyn; frequency of unique targets; % target talk) · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with Down syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Very low

Parent‐ and clinician‐mediated intervention vs clinician‐mediated intervention alone

Receptive language (total language; standard scores) · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years

1 finding from 1 review

Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with Down syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Very low

Home (point‐of‐use) fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders vs an iron‐only supplement

Mean weight‐for‐age z‐score · children aged 6 to 23 months

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders for health and nutrition in children under two years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found