Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

344 questions · 346 findings · 97 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 31 · 9%GRADE not reported 6 · 1.7%Very low 154 · 44.5%Low 99 · 28.6%Moderate 39 · 11.3%High 17 · 4.9%

CBT plus standard care vs usual care

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia

COMPARISON 1: CBT+ STANDARD CARE showed no clear difference in satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term compared with STANDARD CARE ALONE (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings. Below‐elbow vs above‐elbow cast

'Treatment failure': secondary procedures such as remanipulation for early loss of position (only data for this used here); and change in treatment ( · children with either displaced distal radius fracture with intact or displaced ulna fracture (both‐bone fracture), or minimally displaced…

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings. Below‐elbow changes 'Treatment failure': secondary procedures such as remanipulation for… compared with above‐elbow cast (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) vs not surgery (cast only)

'Treatment failure': various secondary procedures such as remanipulation for early loss of position; early or more complex wire removal ( · children with displaced distal radius fracture with intact or involved or displaced ulna fracture (both‐bone fracture)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) changes 'Treatment failure': various secondary procedures such as… compared with not surgery (cast only) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

VALPROATE + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether VALPROATE + ANTIPSYCHOTICS changes leaving the study early: Acceptability of treatment Leaving the… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTICS + PLACEBO or ANTIPSYCHOTICS alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Acceptability ‐ total dropouts · schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether lithium changes acceptability of treatment leaving early due to any reason compared with antipsychotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perazine vs placebo

Leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether perazine changes acceptability of treatment Leaving the study early due to any reason compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perazine vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

Perazine showed no clear difference in acceptability of treatment Leaving the studies early due to any reason compared with other antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPHENAZINE vs LOW‐POTENCY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

FLUPHENAZINE showed no clear difference in acceptability of treatment‐leaving the study early due to any reason compared with LOW‐POTENCY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PERPHENAZINE vs LOW‐POTENCY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether comparison 1: PERPHENAZINE changes acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early due to any reason compared with LOW‐POTENCY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TRIFLUOPERAZINE vs LOW‐POTENCY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

Trifluoperazine showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: 1. Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving… compared with low‐potency antipsychotic drugs (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Horticultural therapy plus standard care vs usual care

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether horticultural therapy plus standard care changes satisfaction with treatment Leaving the study early compared with standard care alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzodiazepines vs antipsychotics

Unacceptability of treatment (drop-outs / leaving study early) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether BENZODIAZEPINES changes leaving the study early due to any reason (overall acceptability of… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzodiazepines vs antipsychotics

Adverse effects (drop‐outs due to adverse effects4) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether BENZODIAZEPINES changes leaving the study early due to adverse effects (overall tolerability… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Extended specialised early intervention (SEI) teams vs standard SEI teams plus treatment

Global state: recovery (assessed by symptom remission over a specified time period, as defined by study) · recent‐onset psychosis

It is very uncertain whether extended specialised early intervention (SEI) teams changes global state: recovery (assessed by symptom remission over a… compared with standard SEI teams plus treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Extended specialised early intervention (SEI) teams vs standard SEI teams plus treatment

Service use: disengagement from services(assessment varied) · recent‐onset psychosis

Extended specialised early intervention (SEI) teams may leads to lower service use: disengagement from services(assessment varied) compared with standard SEI teams plus treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review