Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,745 questions · 4,389 findings · 203 reviews · Dental caries

No studies found 39 · 0.9%GRADE not reported 3,844 · 87.6%Very low 198 · 4.5%Low 137 · 3.1%Moderate 134 · 3.1%High 37 · 0.8%

HVGIC with chlorhexidine cavity disinfectant vs HVGIC without cavity disinfectant

Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth

No comparative effect estimate was reported; cavity disinfectant did not affect success in the review narrative.

1 finding from 1 review

Common genetic variants genome-wide (GWAS; ~3.9 million SNPs with MAF > 5%) vs ECC-unaffected children (per-allele case-control association)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association at lead SNP rs1044956 (7:24854765; nearest gene(s) OSBPL3, NPVF) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

The common variant rs1044956 near OSBPL3, NPVF showed suggestive (not genome-wide significant) association with ECC (Z = 4.551, p = 5.35e-6); genetic association, ungraded.

2 findings from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Oral candidiasis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

cART was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of oral candidiasis in CLWH (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Oral candidiasis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

Oral candidiasis prevalence did not differ significantly between treatment-naive CLWH and those on monotherapy or dual therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing (exposure) vs No, less, or less powerful food marketing

Purchase requests · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

Nonrandomized evidence on purchase requests is very uncertain (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Prior SDF application without a rinsing step vs No prior SDF application (untreated dentin control)

Immediate bond strength (MPa) · Glass-ionomer cement bonded to sound dentin (in vitro)

SDF pretreatment without a rinsing step does not affect glass-ionomer cement bond strength to sound dentin (MD 0.26 MPa, 95% CI -0.20 to 0.73; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Atraumatic restorative treatment with high-viscosity GIC (class I) vs Amalgam restoration

Success or failure of restoration (as defined by the USPHS criteria) · Children with carious primary teeth

ART with high-viscosity GIC and amalgam had similar class I restoration success at 24 months (ungraded).

2 findings from 1 review

Amalgam vs Light-cured compomer (polyacid-modified composite resin)

Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth

No comparative effect estimate was reported; the review described similar clinical performance.

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Dental development and maturation · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No eligible studies compared dental development and maturation between different ART regimens.

1 finding from 1 review

Compomer (Dyract) vs HVGIC Equia Forte and Chemfil Rock

Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth

No comparative effect estimate was reported; compomer had more favorable retention in the review narrative.

1 finding from 1 review

Food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing (exposure) vs No, less, or less powerful food marketing

Food choice · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

Food marketing probably increases children's choice of the marketed food (OR, 1.97; moderate certainty, RCTs).

3 findings from 1 review

Electrical conductance or impedance vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, or enhanced visual examination)

Sensitivity for detection of enamel caries · Asymptomatic children or adults suspected of enamel caries (clinical studies); extracted teeth (in vitro studies)

Electrical conductance or impedance had a summary sensitivity of 0.83 (95% CrI 0.66, 0.92) for detecting enamel caries; low certainty.

1 finding from 1 review

Bulk-fill composite resin with 7-second dentine etching vs Bulk-fill composite resin with 15-second dentine etching

Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children (aged 5-8 years) with Class-II caries in primary molars, no pulp therapy

Etching dentine for 7 s rather than 15 s lowered bulk-fill composite failure (5.8% vs 16.9% annual failure) in one RCT; low quality of evidence (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher parental education (tertiary) vs Parental high school (secondary) education

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Healthy children under 6 years in South Africa

Parental tertiary education (vs high-school education) was associated with about 1.8 times higher odds of early childhood caries in South Africa (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.22-2.57; 2 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review