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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,248 questions in 108 reviews · Stroke
current versionsNo studies 275 · 22%Ungraded 56 · 4.5%Very low 269 · 21.6%Low 349 · 28%Moderate 216 · 17.3%High 83 · 6.7%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
General anaesthesia vs non‐general anaesthesia Target artery revascularisation (dichotomous; mTICI 2b–3) · acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment Type of anaesthesia for acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.1 [1.02, 1.18] | 7 studies · 982 participants | Moderate |
General anaesthesia vs non‐general anaesthesia Time to revascularisation from groin puncture until arterial reperfusion (minutes) · acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment Type of anaesthesia for acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 498 participants | Very low |
General anaesthesia vs non‐general anaesthesia Adverse events (haemodynamic instability) · acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment Type of anaesthesia for acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.21 [0.05, 0.79] | 2 studies · 229 participants | Low |
General anaesthesia vs non‐general anaesthesia Functional outcome (dichotomous; mRS ≤ 2) · acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment (long‐term) Type of anaesthesia for acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.21 [0.93, 1.58] | 4 studies · 625 participants | Low |
General anaesthesia vs non‐general anaesthesia Functional outcome (continuous; mRS ≤ 2) · acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment (long‐term) Type of anaesthesia for acute ischaemic stroke endovascular treatment (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 978 participants | Low |
Endovascular treat ment plus medical treatment vs medical treatment alone 30‐day post‐randomisation death/stroke · people with vertebral artery stenosis Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 2.33 [0.77, 7.07] | 3 studies · 349 participants | Low |
Endovascular treat ment plus medical treatment vs medical treatment alone Fatal/non‐fatal stroke in the territory of the treated vertebral artery stenosis(assessed after 30 days post‐randomisation to completion of · people with vertebral artery stenosis Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.51 [0.26, 1.01] | 3 studies · 349 participants | Moderate |
Endovascular treat ment plus medical treatment vs medical treatment alone Stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic)Median · people with vertebral artery stenosis Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.44, 1.32] | 3 studies · 349 participants | Moderate |
Endovascular treat ment plus medical treatment vs medical treatment alone DeathMedian · people with vertebral artery stenosis Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.37, 1.62] | 3 studies · 349 participants | Low |
Endovascular treat ment plus medical treatment vs medical treatment alone Stroke or TIAMedian · people with vertebral artery stenosis Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.39, 1.06] | 2 studies · 234 participants | Moderate |
Endovascular treat ment plus medical treatment vs medical treatment alone Restenosis ‐ not measured · people with vertebral artery stenosis Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Endovascular treat ment plus medical treatment vs medical treatment alone Good functional outcome ‐ not measured · people with vertebral artery stenosis Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression vs medical treatment alone Death at 6 to 12 months · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke Surgical decompression for malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.18 [0.12, 0.27] | 9 studies · 513 participants | High |
Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression vs medical treatment alone Death or severe disability (mRS > 4) at 6 to 12 months · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke Surgical decompression for malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.22 [0.15, 0.32] | 9 studies · 513 participants | High |
Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression vs medical treatment alone Death or moderate disability (mRS > 3) at 6 to 12 months · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke Surgical decompression for malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.34 [0.22, 0.52] | 9 studies · 513 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression vs medical treatment alone Severe disability (mRS = 5) at 6 to 12 months · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke Surgical decompression for malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.73 [0.36, 1.44] | 9 studies · 262 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression vs medical treatment alone Adverse events · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke Surgical decompression for malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression vs medical treatment alone Hydrocephalus · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke Surgical decompression for malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression vs medical treatment alone Reoperation · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke Surgical decompression for malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings table ‐ Anticoagulant vs control Dead or dependent at end of · acute presumed ischaemic stroke Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.98 [0.92, 1.03] | 13 studies · 22428 participants | High |
Summary of findings table ‐ Anticoagulant vs control Death from all causes during treatment period · acute presumed ischaemic stroke Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.99 [0.9, 1.09] | 22 studies · 22602 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Anticoagulant vs control Deep vein thrombosis during treatment period · acute presumed ischaemic stroke Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.21 [0.15, 0.29] | 10 studies · 916 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Anticoagulant vs control Recurrent ischaemic or unknown stroke during treatment period · acute presumed ischaemic stroke Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.75 [0.65, 0.88] | 12 studies · 21665 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings table ‐ Anticoagulant vs control Symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage during treatment period · acute presumed ischaemic stroke Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke (2021) · Cochrane | OR 2.47 [1.9, 3.21] | 21 studies · 23221 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings table ‐ Anticoagulant vs control Symptomatic pulmonary embolism during treatment period · acute presumed ischaemic stroke Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.6 [0.44, 0.81] | 14 studies · 22544 participants | High |
Summary of findings table ‐ Anticoagulant vs control Major extracranial haemorrhage during treatment period · acute presumed ischaemic stroke Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke (2021) · Cochrane | OR 2.99 [2.24, 3.99] | 18 studies · 22255 participants | Moderate |
Main comparison of synthetic patch vs vein patch angioplasty Perioperative ipsilateral stroke (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 590 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of Dacron patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Perioperative death from all causes (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 400 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of Dacron patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term ipsilateral stroke · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 200 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of Dacron patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term any stroke · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 200 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of Dacron patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term stroke or death · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 200 participants | Low |
Main comparison of Dacron patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term pseudoaneurysm formation · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Perioperative ipsilateral stroke (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Perioperative combined stroke and TIA (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 195 participants | Low |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Perioperative death from all causes (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 195 participants | Low |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term ipsilateral stroke · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 195 participants | Low |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term any stroke · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of synthetic patch vs vein patch angioplasty Perioperative combined stroke and TIA (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term stroke or death · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term pseudoaneurysm formation · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of synthetic patch vs vein patch angioplasty Perioperative death from all causes (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 609 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of synthetic patch vs vein patch angioplasty Long‐term ipsilateral stroke · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 500 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of synthetic patch vs vein patch angioplasty Long‐term any stroke · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 609 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of synthetic patch vs vein patch angioplasty Long‐term stroke or death · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 449 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of synthetic patch vs vein patch angioplasty Long‐term pseudoaneurysm formation · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 500 participants | Low |
Main comparison of Dacron patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Perioperative ipsilateral stroke (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 400 participants | Very low |
Main comparison of Dacron patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Perioperative combined stroke and TIA (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 200 participants | Low |
Local anaesthesia vs general anaesthesia Any stroke within 30 days of operation (primary outcome) · people with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid disease Local versus general anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy (2021) · Cochrane | 0.91 [0.66, 1.26] | 13 studies · 4663 participants | Moderate |
Local anaesthesia vs general anaesthesia Death within 30 days of operation · people with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid disease Local versus general anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.61 [0.35, 1.06] | 12 studies · 4421 participants | Low |
Local anaesthesia vs general anaesthesia Ipsilateral stroke within 30 days of operation · people with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid disease Local versus general anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.03 [0.71, 1.48] | 2 studies · 3733 participants | Low |