Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,454 questions · 3,562 findings · 816 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 538 · 15.1%GRADE not reported 239 · 6.7%Very low 933 · 26.2%Low 1,041 · 29.2%Moderate 612 · 17.2%High 199 · 5.6%

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence of pneumonia Defined as patient admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of pneumonia Dose: 2 g per day · school‐aged children (6 to 15 years) and marine corps recruits (mean age 18.5 years)

It is very uncertain whether vitamin C changes incidence of pneumonia Defined as patient admitted to hospital with… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Adverse effects (urticaria) Defined as participants reporting urticaria (hives) Dose: 2 g per day · school‐aged children (6 to 15 years) and marine corps recruits (mean age 18.5 years)

It is very uncertain whether vitamin C changes adverse effects (urticaria) Defined as participants reporting… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) vs other sources of phototherapy

Proportion of days of effective treatmenti · infants with confirmed hyperbilirubinemia

It is very uncertain whether sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) changes proportion of days of effective treatmenti compared with other sources of phototherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) vs no treatment

Rate of rehospitalization within 7 days of discharge for treatment for hyperbilirubinemia · term and late preterm neonates

It is very uncertain whether sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) changes rate of rehospitalization within 7 days of discharge for treatment… compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review