Findings

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,587 questions · 5,761 findings · 495 reviews

No studies found 1,011 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 1,797 · 31.2%Very low 1,100 · 19.1%Low 1,052 · 18.3%Moderate 649 · 11.3%High 152 · 2.6%

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Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Oral candidiasis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

ART was associated with lower oral candidiasis prevalence.

1 finding from 1 review

Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Recurrent oral ulceration prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in recurrent oral ulceration between CLWH with and without ART (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Oral hairy leukoplakia prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in oral hairy leukoplakia between CLWH with and without ART (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Traditional screening (referral card given if the inspecting dentist judges the child needs to see a dentist) vs No screening

Proportion of children with other untreated oral health needs · School children (aged 4 to 15 years), primary and secondary schools in the UK and India

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls

Oral hairy leukoplakia (WHO clinical stage 3) · Children or adolescents

No difference in oral hairy leukoplakia between groups (pooled OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.06 to 16.19); lesion essentially absent in both.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral misoprostol vs vaginal misoprostol

Failure to achieve complete abortion · women undergoing first trimester abortion

Oral misoprostol probably leads to higher failure to achieve complete abortion compared with vaginal misoprostol (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls

Oral candidiasis (WHO clinical stage 3) · Children or adolescents

CLWH on ART had markedly higher prevalence of oral candidiasis than healthy controls (pooled OR 16.94, 95% CI 5.06 to 56.70).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Oral hairy leukoplakia prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No eligible studies compared oral hairy leukoplakia between different ART regimens.

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF, including SDF + fluoride varnish) vs Other standard-of-care caries treatments pooled (placebo, ART, or ART + fluoride varnish)

Oral health-related quality of life · Children with dental caries

SDF had no significant effect on oral health-related quality of life versus pooled standard-of-care caries treatments (SMD -0.06, 95% CI -0.20 to 0.08; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Oral candidiasis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

cART was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of oral candidiasis than monotherapy or dual therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

3-month school-based supervised daily tooth-brushing program with fluoridated toothpaste (multilevel: trained school nurses plus parental involvement) vs Pre-intervention

Visible plaque and oral-hygiene behavior · Schoolchildren aged 4-6 years in the United Arab Emirates (Dubai)

One pre-post study of a school-based supervised tooth-brushing program found visible plaque fell from 76.8% to 36.7% with positive behavior change (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review