Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,231 questions · 3,354 findings · 394 reviews

No studies found 803 · 23.9%GRADE not reported 267 · 8%Very low 757 · 22.6%Low 859 · 25.6%Moderate 486 · 14.5%High 182 · 5.4%

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods

Subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L or less) · general population over 2 years of age

Staple foods fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients probably leads to lower subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L… compared with same unfortified staple foods (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

Minor complications (3 to 6 weeks · children (≤ 18 years of age) undergoing any type of surgical procedure (open or laparoscopic) for which a neuraxial (spinal, epidural,…

Ultrasound guidance showed no clear difference in minor complications compared with no ultrasound guidance (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolides vs tetracycline

Quality of life Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity Serious adverse events Lung function Hospitalisations Adverse events/side effects Number of participants colonised with P aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolide+tetracycline vs macrolides

Number of people experiencing one or more exacerbations, Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity (as reported by trialists), including emergence of atypical bacteria, Number of participants colonised with Pseudomonas aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Nonavalent HPV vaccine vs quadrivalent HPV vaccine

High‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, adenocarcinoma in situ, and cervical cancer · 9‐ to 26‐year‐old females and males

Nonavalent HPV vaccine showed no clear difference in high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, adenocarcinoma in… compared with quadrivalent HPV vaccine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic vs Placebo plus analgesic

Total number of paracetamol (acetaminophen) with codeine (Tylenol) tablets · Adults over 18 years presenting with a single tooth with a clinical diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis

Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic showed no clear difference in total number of paracetamol (acetaminophen) with codeine (Tylenol)… compared with placebo plus analgesic (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids vs placebo

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P aeruginosa) colonisation · people with bronchiectasis

Inhaled corticosteroids showed no clear difference in pseudomonas aeruginosa (P aeruginosa) colonisation compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alpha2‐adrenergic agonist vs control

Hypotension (requiring treatment with inotropes or vasopressors during the period of study drug administration) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery

Alpha‐2 adrenergic agonists showed no clear difference in hypotension (requiring treatment with inotropes or vasopressors… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review