What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings table ‐ Pseudophakia vs aphakia

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Pseudophakia changes glaucoma at 5 years compared with aphakia (very low certainty).

• Surgical interventions for bilateral congenital cataract in children aged two years and under 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.86 [0.24, 3.1]
  1 study · 54 participants
  Very low

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) vs vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

• Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 1258 participants
  Moderate

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

• Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 105 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in pneumonia ‐ 12 to 58 months of age (moderate certainty).

• Antibiotics for preventing suppurative complications from undifferentiated acute respiratory infections in children… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.1 [0.71, 1.69]
  1 study · 563 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in pneumonia ‐ 0 to 11 months of age (moderate certainty).

• Antibiotics for preventing suppurative complications from undifferentiated acute respiratory infections in children… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.52, 1.76]
  1 study · 326 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Hormonal and intrauterine methods for contraception for women aged 25 years and younger 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1130 participants
  Low

Low‐ and middle‐income countries: Feeding vs control ‐ growth RCTs

• Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio‐economically disadvantaged children… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 1565 participants
  Moderate

Low‐ and middle‐income countries: Feeding vs control ‐ growth RCTs

• Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio‐economically disadvantaged children… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 4544 participants
  Moderate

Low‐ and middle‐income countries: Feeding vs control. CBAs

• Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio‐economically disadvantaged children… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 999 participants
  Very low

Low‐ and middle‐income countries: Feeding vs control. CBAs

• Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio‐economically disadvantaged children… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 999 participants
  Very low

Supplementary feeding vs no food supplementation or placebo

• Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 308 participants
  Moderate
• Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 308 participants
  Moderate

Supplementary feeding vs no food supplementation or placebo

• Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 308 participants
  Low
• Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 308 participants
  Low

Supplementary feeding vs no food supplementation

• Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 348 participants
  Low

Low maternal education (<=6 years of schooling) vs Higher maternal education (>6 years)

Lower maternal education was associated with poor OHRQoL (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.00-1.23; 4 studies; high heterogeneity; CI lower bound at the null; ungraded).

• The Association of Oral Health Status, demographic characteristics and socioeconomic determinants with Oral… 2020 All outcomes

  Upper-middle-income countries; studies 2010-2014
  OR 1.12 [1.00, 1.23]
  4 studies
  GRADE not reported

Fluoride-releasing resin-based bonding agent vs Non-fluoride resin-based bonding agent

For resin-based bonding agents, fluoride release did not significantly change WSL initiation (RR 0.97); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.

• Efficacy of sealants and bonding materials during fixed orthodontic treatment to prevent enamel demineralization: a… 2021 All outcomes

  1-24 months follow-up · Patients undergoing fixed (multibracket) orthodontic appliance treatment; clinical/dental setting; analysis at tooth level · Resin-based bonding agents
  RR 0.97 [0.79, 1.19]
  5 studies · 3517 participants
  GRADE not reported

Compomer (polyacid-modified composite, fluoride-releasing) for bonding brackets vs Compomer bonding agent without fluoride release

For compomer-based bonding agents, fluoride release did not significantly change WSL initiation (RR 0.71); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.

• Efficacy of sealants and bonding materials during fixed orthodontic treatment to prevent enamel demineralization: a… 2021 All outcomes

  1-24 months follow-up · Patients undergoing fixed (multibracket) orthodontic appliance treatment; clinical/dental setting; analysis at tooth level · Compomer-based bonding agents
  RR 0.71 [0.46, 1.11]
  2 studies · 400 participants
  GRADE not reported

Fluoride-releasing glass ionomer-based bonding agent vs Non-fluoride glass ionomer-based bonding agent

For a glass-ionomer-based bonding agent (single study), fluoride release significantly reduced WSL initiation (RR 0.64); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.

• Efficacy of sealants and bonding materials during fixed orthodontic treatment to prevent enamel demineralization: a… 2021 All outcomes

  1-24 months follow-up · Patients undergoing fixed (multibracket) orthodontic appliance treatment; clinical/dental setting; analysis at tooth level · Glass ionomer-based bonding agent
  RR 0.64 [0.41, 0.99]
  1 study · 144 participants
  GRADE not reported

Modified bovine minced lung surfactant extract vs porcine lung lavage surfactant

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Comparison of animal‐derived surfactants for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Topical corticosteroids vs Another topical agent or placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Topical treatments for HIV‐related oral ulcers 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No studies were included in this review. A total of 233 abstracts were retrieved; 25 were selected as potentially eligible but all were excluded (10 reported systemic rather than topical treatment; 3 non‐RCTs; 6…
  0 studies
  No studies found