Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,534 questions · 5,247 findings · 456 reviews

No studies found 1,142 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 1,503 · 28.6%Very low 1,040 · 19.8%Low 869 · 16.6%Moderate 554 · 10.6%High 139 · 2.6%

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Older adults (population mean age >33.4 years) vs Younger adults (population mean age <=33.4 years)

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adults aged 19-60 years

Studies of older adults (mean age >33.4 years) had higher pooled DMFT than younger adults, but the age to DMFT meta-regression was not statistically significant; ungraded observational evidence.

5 findings from 1 review
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Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) vs Conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.)

Success or failure of the anchorage device · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
1 finding from 1 review

Younger children's age (3-5 years) vs Older children (>5 years)

Poor oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) · Children aged 3-12 years

Children aged 3 years had higher odds of poor OHRQoL than older children (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.42-2.57; 2 studies; ungraded).

2 findings from 1 review

Age 8-10 years vs Age >10 years

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents with maxillary permanent first molar extraction

In the maxilla, age 8-10 years was not associated with a statistically significant difference in space closure odds.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age vs No fluoride varnish application

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age may leads to higher fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with no fluoride varnish application (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age vs Non-fluoride (placebo) varnish

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age (biannual) showed no clear difference in fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with placebo varnish (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IMMEDIATE initiation of cART vs DEFERRED initiation of cART

Patient or population: HIV‐positive, treatment‐naive children aged 24 to 59 months (2 to 5 years old)Settings: Thailand and CambodiaIntervention: IMMEDIATE initiation of cARTComparison: DEFERRED initiation of cART · HIV‐positive, treatment‐naive children aged one to 12 years old

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Engagement of community leaders vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

Engagement of community leaders probably leads to higher proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age compared with routine care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children under 5 years of age fully immunised with all scheduled vaccines · children under 5 years of age

It is very uncertain whether monetary incentives changes proportion of children under 5 years of age fully immunised with all… compared with routine care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Digital register vs usual care

Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age · children under 5 years of age

Digital register showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age (phone call/SMS only) · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives may leads to higher proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2… compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review