Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

948 questions · 998 findings · 100 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 233 · 23.3%GRADE not reported 40 · 4%Very low 203 · 20.3%Low 271 · 27.2%Moderate 176 · 17.6%High 75 · 7.5%

Vitamin K antagonists vs no VKA

Antibiotic versus heparin only lock/flush solution: catheter‐related infections · people with cancer with thrombosis prophylaxis and central venous catheters

Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) showed no clear difference in catheter‐related infection (3 months) compared with no VKA (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical vitamin D derivative vs placebo

Proportion of participants with adverse effects ‐ measured over 8 weeks · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

Topical vitamin D derivative showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with adverse effects ‐ measured over 8… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical vitamin D derivative vs placebo

Proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared ‐ · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

Topical vitamin D derivative may leads to higher proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared in the short… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Vitamin A deficiency · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… showed no clear difference in vitamin A deficiency (as defined by the study authors) compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants vs placebo

Cognitive function · cognitively healthy people in mid and late life
6 findings from 1 review
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Intervention not reported

Adverse events: hypercalcaemia in trials using the active forms of vitamin D (alfacalcidol and calcitriol) ( · adults

The intervention may leads to higher adverse events: hypercalcaemia in trials using the active forms of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review