Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

584 questions · 593 findings · 51 reviews · Airways

No studies found 37 · 6.2%GRADE not reported 40 · 6.7%Very low 44 · 7.4%Low 172 · 29%Moderate 232 · 39.1%High 68 · 11.5%

Inhaled corticosteroids plus standard care vs placebo or usual care

Adverse events · adults with a confirmed diagnosis of mild COVID‐19, of whom only 10% (219/2132) participants had received ≥ 1 vaccination

Inhaled corticosteroids plus standard care showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with standard care (with or without placebo) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids plus standard care vs placebo or usual care

Infections · adults with a confirmed diagnosis of mild COVID‐19, of whom only 10% (219/2132) participants had received ≥ 1 vaccination

Inhaled corticosteroids plus standard care showed no clear difference in infections compared with standard care (with or without placebo) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of different inhaled corticosteroids on growth in children with persistent asthma: fluticasone vs beclomethasone

Linear growth velocity (cm/year) · children up to 18 years of age with persistent asthma

Effects of different inhaled corticosteroids on growth in children… may leads to higher linear growth velocity (cm/year) compared with beclomethasone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of different inhaled corticosteroids on growth in children with persistent asthma: fluticasone vs budesonide

Linear growth velocity (cm/year) · children up to 18 years of age with persistent asthma

It is very uncertain whether effects of different inhaled corticosteroids on growth in children… changes linear growth velocity (cm/year) compared with budesonide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of different inhaled corticosteroids on growth in children with persistent asthma: fluticasone vs budesonide

Change in height · children up to 18 years of age with persistent asthma

Effects of different inhaled corticosteroids on growth in children… probably leads to higher change in height (cm) over a period of time compared with budesonide (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy

Successful treatment of exacerbation: number of participants cured. Outcome assessed on day 42 · bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes successful treatment of exacerbation: number of participants cured.… compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy

Successful treatment of exacerbation: number of participants with P aeruginosa eradication. Outcome assessed on day 21 · bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes successful treatment of exacerbation: number of participants with P… compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy

Serious adverse events. Outcome assessed on day 42 · bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes serious adverse events. Outcome assessed on day 42 compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy

Microbiological response: eradicated. Outcome assessed on day 21 · bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes microbiological response: eradicated. Outcome assessed on day 21 compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous omalizumab + steroid vs placebo + steroid (steroid reduction)

Number of participants achieving complete inhaled steroid withdrawal 28 to 32 weeks · people with asthma

Subcutaneous omalizumab + steroid may leads to higher number of participants achieving complete inhaled steroid withdrawal… compared with placebo + steroid (steroid reduction) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review