Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

103 questions · 103 findings · 14 reviews · Anaesthesia

Sort:Best matchNewest Highest certainty Download CSV

No studies found 15 · 14.6%GRADE not reported 6 · 5.8%Very low 21 · 20.4%Low 24 · 23.3%Moderate 30 · 29.1%High 7 · 6.8%

Epidural analgesia vs intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia

Joint pain at rest · adults having abdominal surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural analgesia versus patient‐controlled intravenous analgesia for pain following intra‐abdominal surgery in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 384 participants
Moderate

Epidural analgesia vs intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia

Pain on movement at 24 hours Visual analogue scale Scale from zero to 10 · adults having abdominal surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural analgesia versus patient‐controlled intravenous analgesia for pain following intra‐abdominal surgery in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Low

Epidural analgesia vs intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia

All‐cause mortality rate at 30 days · adults having abdominal surgery

Epidural analgesia showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality rate at 30 days compared with intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural analgesia versus patient‐controlled intravenous analgesia for pain following intra‐abdominal surgery in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.37 [0.72, 15.88]
9 studies · 560 participants
Low

Epidural analgesia vs intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia

Failure of analgesic technique requiring alternative approach (assessed at any time) · adults having abdominal surgery

Epidural analgesia probably leads to higher failure of analgesic technique requiring alternative approach… compared with intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural analgesia versus patient‐controlled intravenous analgesia for pain following intra‐abdominal surgery in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.48 [1.13, 5.45]
10 studies · 678 participants
Moderate

Epidural analgesia vs intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia

Adverse events (assessed at any time during · adults having abdominal surgery

Epidural analgesia showed no clear difference in adverse events (assessed at any time during compared with intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural analgesia versus patient‐controlled intravenous analgesia for pain following intra‐abdominal surgery in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.32 [0.03, 2.95]
2 studies · 101 participants
Low

Epidural pain relief vs systemic opioid‐based pain relief

Mortality in hospital or up to 30 days · people undergoing abdominal aortic surgery

Epidural pain relief showed no clear difference in mortality in hospital or up to 30 days compared with systemic opioid‐based pain relief (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid‐based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.06 [0.6, 1.86]
14 studies · 1383 participants
Low

Epidural pain relief vs systemic opioid‐based pain relief

Myocardial infarction · people undergoing abdominal aortic surgery

Epidural pain relief probably leads to lower myocardial infarction compared with systemic opioid‐based pain relief (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid‐based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.54 [0.3, 0.97]
7 studies · 851 participants
Moderate

Epidural pain relief vs systemic opioid‐based pain relief

Duration of tracheal intubation · people undergoing abdominal aortic surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid‐based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 975 participants
Low

Epidural pain relief vs systemic opioid‐based pain relief

Respiratory failure · people undergoing abdominal aortic surgery

Epidural pain relief probably leads to lower respiratory failure compared with systemic opioid‐based pain relief (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid‐based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.56, 0.85]
6 studies · 861 participants
Moderate

Epidural pain relief vs systemic opioid‐based pain relief

Gastrointestinal bleeding · people undergoing abdominal aortic surgery

Epidural pain relief leads to lower gastrointestinal bleeding compared with systemic opioid‐based pain relief (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid‐based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.2 [0.06, 0.65]
4 studies · 487 participants
High

Epidural pain relief vs systemic opioid‐based pain relief

Pain (VAS scores) on movement at postoperative day 1 Scale from: 0 to 10. · people undergoing abdominal aortic surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid‐based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 162 participants
High

Epidural pain relief vs systemic opioid‐based pain relief

Length of critical care stay (hours) · people undergoing abdominal aortic surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid‐based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 523 participants
Moderate

Automated mandatory bolus vs basal infusion

Caesarean delivery during labour epidural analgesia · term, pregnant women (nulliparous, or combination of nulli‐ and muliparous) requesting for labour epidural analgesia

Automated mandatory bolus showed no clear difference in caesarean delivery during labour epidural analgesia compared with basal infusion (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Automated mandatory bolus versus basal infusion for maintenance of epidural analgesia in labour 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.85 [0.69, 1.06]
16 studies · 1735 participants
Moderate

Automated mandatory bolus vs basal infusion

Instrumental delivery during labour epidural analgesia · term, pregnant women (nulliparous, or combination of nulli‐ and muliparous) requesting for labour epidural analgesia

Automated mandatory bolus showed no clear difference in instrumental delivery during labour epidural analgesia compared with basal infusion (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Automated mandatory bolus versus basal infusion for maintenance of epidural analgesia in labour 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.85 [0.71, 1.01]
17 studies · 4550 participants
Moderate

Automated mandatory bolus vs basal infusion

Local anaesthetic consumption per hour (mg/hr)c during labour epidural analgesia · term, pregnant women (nulliparous, or combination of nulli‐ and muliparous) requesting for labour epidural analgesia

1 finding from 1 review

Automated mandatory bolus versus basal infusion for maintenance of epidural analgesia in labour 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 1642 participants
Moderate

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Time from completion of operation to first flatus (hours) · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
22 studies · 1138 participants
High

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Time required to observe first faeces · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
28 studies · 1559 participants
Low

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Pain (VAS scores) on movement at postoperative day 1 Scale from: 0 to 10. · adults

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
35 studies · 2731 participants
Moderate

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Vomiting · adults

Epidural local anaesthetic showed no clear difference in vomiting during first 24 hours compared with opioid‐based regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.57, 1.23]
22 studies · 1154 participants
Low

Epidural local anaesthetic vs opioid‐based regimen

Anastomotic leak · adults

Epidural local anaesthetic showed no clear difference in anastomotic leak compared with opioid‐based regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid‐based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis,… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.41, 1.32]
17 studies · 848 participants
Low