Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,520 questions · 1,575 findings · 175 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 239 · 15.2%GRADE not reported 59 · 3.7%Very low 337 · 21.4%Low 406 · 25.8%Moderate 410 · 26%High 124 · 7.9%

Corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Endometritis · women at risk of preterm birth

Maternal outcomes: corticosteroids showed no clear difference in endometritis№ of participants: 6764(10 RCTs) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [0.82, 1.58]
Studies not reported
Moderate

Early inhaled steroids (< 2 weeks) vs placebo (among all randomised)

Oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · very low birth weight preterm neonates

Early inhaled steroids (< 2 weeks) showed no clear difference in CLD at 36 weeks' PMA oxygen dependency at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo (among all randomised) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early administration of inhaled corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in very low birth weight preterm… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.62, 1.52]
5 studies · 429 participants
Moderate

Early inhaled steroids (< 2 weeks) vs placebo (among all randomised)

Death by, or CLD at, 36 weeks' PMA Death or oxygen dependency at 36 weeks' PMA · very low birth weight preterm neonates

Early inhaled steroids (< 2 weeks) probably leads to lower death by, or CLD at, 36 weeks' PMA Death or oxygen dependency at 36… compared with placebo (among all randomised) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early administration of inhaled corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in very low birth weight preterm… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.75, 0.99]
6 studies · 1285 participants
Moderate

Oral steroids vs control

Hearing loss · Children with otitis media with effusion

Summary of findings: oral steroids showed no clear difference in hearing loss [6 weeks] compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.8, 1.49]
1 study · 44 participants
Moderate

Oral steroids vs control

OME resolution at short‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion

Summary of findings: oral steroids showed no clear difference in OME resolution at short‐term compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.8 [0.93, 15.52]
3 studies · 108 participants
Moderate

Oral steroids vs control

OME resolution at intermediate‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion

Summary of findings: oral steroids showed no clear difference in OME resolution at intermediate‐term compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.54 [0.76, 3.14]
3 studies · 106 participants
Moderate

Oral steroids vs control

OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Oral steroids vs control

Symptoms · Children with otitis media with effusion

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Oral steroids vs control

Adverse effects [4 to 6 weeks] · Children with otitis media with effusion

1 finding from 1 review

Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 143 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings for nasal irrigation with topical steroids plus sinus surgery vs nasal irrigation with topical steroids alone

Change in QoL SNOT‐20 · children and adults diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for nasal irrigation with topical steroids plus sinus surgery vs nasal irrigation with topical steroids alone

Complications of surgery · children and adults diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for nasal irrigation with topical steroids plus sinus surgery vs nasal irrigation with topical steroids alone

FEV1 % predicted: absolute change from baseline · children and adults diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for nasal irrigation with topical steroids plus sinus surgery vs nasal irrigation with topical steroids alone

Eradication of bacterial infection · children and adults diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for nasal irrigation with topical steroids plus sinus surgery vs nasal irrigation with topical steroids alone

Clinical improvement(visual analogue scale) · children and adults diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for nasal irrigation with topical steroids plus sinus surgery vs nasal irrigation with topical steroids alone

Pulmonary exacerbations · children and adults diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for nasal irrigation with topical steroids plus sinus surgery vs nasal irrigation with topical steroids alone

All‐cause mortality · children and adults diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Anabolic steroids vs no intervention

Mortality at maximal · alcohol‐related disorders (others)

It is very uncertain whether anabolic steroids changes mortality at maximal compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for alcoholic liver disease (alcohol‐related liver disease) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.29 [0.7, 2.39]
2 studies · 248 participants
Very low

Anabolic steroids vs no intervention

Early mortality (mortality up to 90 days) · alcohol‐related disorders (others)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for alcoholic liver disease (alcohol‐related liver disease) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Anabolic steroids vs no intervention

Serious adverse events (proportion) · alcohol‐related disorders (others)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for alcoholic liver disease (alcohol‐related liver disease) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Anabolic steroids vs no intervention

Serious adverse events (number) · alcohol‐related disorders (others)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for alcoholic liver disease (alcohol‐related liver disease) 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found