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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

492 questions · 535 findings · 56 reviews · Hypertension

No studies found 37 · 6.9%GRADE not reported 34 · 6.4%Very low 91 · 17%Low 161 · 30.1%Moderate 136 · 25.4%High 76 · 14.2%

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity Mean duration of 3.7 years · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

Antihypertensive drug therapy may leads to lower total cardiovascular mortality + morbidity compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Coronary heart disease mortality + morbidity · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

Antihypertensive drug therapy showed no clear difference in coronary heart disease mortality + morbidity compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

It is very uncertain whether antihypertensive drug therapy changes withdrawal due to adverse events compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Systolic blood pressure clinical digital sphygmomanometer · adults with or without hypertension
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Diastolic blood pressure clinical digital sphygmomanometer · adults with or without hypertension
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Withdrawals due to adverse effects · adults with or without hypertension
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Effect on systolic blood pressure (mean difference in systolic blood pressure) · adults with primary hypertension

The intervention showed no clear difference in effect on systolic blood pressure (mean difference in systolic blood… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Effect on diastolic blood pressure (mean difference in diastolic blood pressure) · adults with primary hypertension

The intervention showed no clear difference in effect on diastolic blood pressure (mean difference in diastolic… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Any adverse event · adults with primary hypertension

The intervention showed no clear difference in any adverse event (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse event leading to withdrawal · adults with primary hypertension

The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse event leading to withdrawal (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) vs lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg)

Serious adverse events: cardiovascular events · older adults with primary hypertension

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) showed no clear difference in cardiovascular serious adverse events compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review