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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Functional status (generic) Sickness Impact Profile (0‐136) intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 47 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Functional status (generic) Sickness Impact Profile (0‐136) long‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 51 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Depression Beck Depression Inventory (0‐63) short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 61 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Depression Beck Depression Inventory (0‐63) intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 47 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Depression Beck Depression Inventory (0‐63) long‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 51 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Functional status (generic) various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 77 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Functional status (generic) various scales intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 61 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Functional status (generic) various scales long‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 66 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatment vs waiting list control Functional status (generic) various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 74 participants | Low |
Intervention NR CI: Confidence interval · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Pain intensity VAS (0‐100) short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 330 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Pain intensity VAS (0‐100) intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 319 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Functional status (back‐specific) various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 330 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Functional status (back‐specific) various scales intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 319 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Pain intensity Pain Rating Index (0‐45) short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 146 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Pain intensity Pain Rating Index (0‐45) intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 137 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Pain intensity Pain Rating Index (0‐45) long‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 136 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Depression various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 146 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Depression various scales intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 137 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatment vs waiting list control Depression Beck Depression Inventory (0‐63) short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 58 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Depression various scales long‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 136 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments Functional status (back specific) Oswestry Disability Index (0‐100) long‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 345 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments vs other treatments CI: Confidence interval · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone Pain intensity 5‐point scale short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 59 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone Pain intensity 5‐point scale intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 45 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone Depression Beck Depression Inventory (0‐63) short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 59 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone Depression Beck Depression Inventory (0‐63) intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 50 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone Functional status (generic) Sickness Impact Profile (0‐136) short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 59 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone Functional status (generic) Sickness Impact Profile (0‐136) intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 51 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone Pain intensity various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 405 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatment vs waiting list control Pain intensity various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 64 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatments + other treatments vs other treatments alone CI: Confidence interval · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatment vs waiting list control Functional status (generic) Sickness Impact Profile (0‐136) short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 87 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatment vs waiting list control Depression various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 103 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Behavioural treatment vs waiting list control CI: Confidence interval · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain intensity various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 93 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Pain intensity various scales intermediate‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain Behavioural treatment for chronic low‐back pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 82 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Number completing detoxification · patients with opioid withdrawal Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.42 [1.09, 1.84] | 2 studies · 100 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Number commencing naltrexone maintenance treatment ‐ Clonidine comparison · patients with opioid withdrawal Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal (2010) · Cochrane | RR 4.28 [2.91, 6.3] | 3 studies · 240 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Number commencing naltrexone maintenance treatment ‐ Buprenorphine comparison · patients with opioid withdrawal Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.29 [1.04, 1.6] | 1 study · 72 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Retained in naltrexone maintenance treatment or abstinent at 12 weeks ‐ Tapered methadone comparison · patients with opioid withdrawal Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal (2010) · Cochrane | RR 2 [0.9, 4.45] | 1 study · 30 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Retained in naltrexone maintenance treatment or abstinent at 12 weeks ‐ Clonidine comparison · patients with opioid withdrawal Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal (2010) · Cochrane | RR 2.77 [1.37, 5.61] | 3 studies · 240 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Retained in naltrexone maintenance treatment or abstinent at 12 weeks ‐ Buprenorphine comparison · patients with opioid withdrawal Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.34, 1.97] | 1 study · 72 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Participants experiencing adverse effects · patients with opioid withdrawal Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal (2010) · Cochrane | RR 3.21 [1.13, 9.12] | 2 studies · 572 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Less than 300 events · patients with opioid withdrawal Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Mortality · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.5 [0.28, 0.91] | 8 studies · 348 participants | Low |
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Length of hospital stay · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 145 participants | Low |
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Multiple Organ Failure(MOF) · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.55 [0.37, 0.81] | 6 studies · 278 participants | Moderate |
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Operative Intervention · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.46 [0.26, 0.82] | 7 studies · 316 participants | Moderate |
Enteral vs parenteral nutrition Systemic infection · patients with acute pancreatitis Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.39 [0.23, 0.65] | 7 studies · 259 participants | Moderate |