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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Sublingual immunotherapy vs placebo Total ocular symptom scores Symptom scores · patients with allergic conjunctivitis Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 36 studies · 3399 participants | Moderate |
Sublingual immunotherapy vs placebo Itchy/Gritty eyes Symptom scores · patients with allergic conjunctivitis Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 28 studies · 3020 participants | Moderate |
Sublingual immunotherapy vs placebo Watery eyes Symptom scores · patients with allergic conjunctivitis Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 21 studies · 2641 participants | Moderate |
Sublingual immunotherapy vs placebo Red eyes Symptom scores · patients with allergic conjunctivitis Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 20 studies · 1211 participants | Moderate |
Sublingual immunotherapy vs placebo Eye drops Symptom scores · patients with allergic conjunctivitis Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 13 studies · 1038 participants | Moderate |
Sublingual immunotherapy vs placebo Combined symptom‐medication scores Symptom scores · patients with allergic conjunctivitis Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 351 participants | Moderate |
Sublingual immunotherapy vs placebo Conjunctival immediate allergen sensitivity Symptom scores · patients with allergic conjunctivitis Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 250 participants | Moderate |
Vaccination vs placebo Persistence of PHN among all subjects a numerical rating scale for pain1 · people at risk for postherpetic neuralgia Vaccination for preventing postherpetic neuralgia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.31 [0.18, 0.54] | 1 study · 38501 participants | High |
Vaccination vs placebo Persistence of PHN among subjects developing herpes zoster a numerical rating scale for pain1 · people at risk for postherpetic neuralgia Vaccination for preventing postherpetic neuralgia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.64 [0.38, 1.09] | 1 study · 957 participants | Moderate |
Vaccination vs placebo Deaths among all subjects during the whole study clinical · people at risk for postherpetic neuralgia Vaccination for preventing postherpetic neuralgia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.91, 1.1] | 1 study · 38546 participants | High |
Vaccination vs placebo Serious adverse events among subjects in the adverse event substudy clinical manifestations · people at risk for postherpetic neuralgia Vaccination for preventing postherpetic neuralgia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.53 [1.03, 2.25] | 1 study · 6616 participants | High |
Intervention NR Consistent condom use ‐ 3 months Self‐report · patients with women living with HIV Behavioral interventions to promote condom use among women living with HIV (2011) · Cochrane | OR 0.72 [0.43, 1.2] | 3 studies · 272 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Consistent condom use ‐ 6 months Self‐report · patients with women living with HIV Behavioral interventions to promote condom use among women living with HIV (2011) · Cochrane | OR 0.96 [0.66, 1.4] | 4 studies · 637 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Consistent condom use ‐ 12 months Self‐report · patients with women living with HIV Behavioral interventions to promote condom use among women living with HIV (2011) · Cochrane | OR 0.75 [0.51, 1.11] | 2 studies · 487 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Incidence of STI3 ‐ not reported · patients with women living with HIV Behavioral interventions to promote condom use among women living with HIV (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Phototherapy with LED vs non‐LED light source Duration of phototherapy hours · neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia Light‐emitting diode phototherapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 630 participants | High |
Phototherapy with LED vs non‐LED light source Rate of decline of serum total bilirubin mg/dL/hour · neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia Light‐emitting diode phototherapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 511 participants | High |
Intervention NR Peak exercise capacity: Power (W) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 367 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Peak exercise capacity: Peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) (L/min) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 188 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Peak exercise test: Lactate threshold (L/min) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 94 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Peak exercise test: Isowork minute ventilation (VE) (L) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 77 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Peak exercise test: Isowork dyspnoea score · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 36 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Exercise tolerance: Endurance time (min) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 41 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Functional exercise capacity: Six‐minute walk distance (m) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 287 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Health‐related Quality of Life: Dyspnoea domain of the CRQ · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Optimal intensity and type of leg exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 212 participants | Moderate |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs inert interventions Pain VAS. Scale from 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 72 participants | Very low |
spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) vs sham SMT Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 24 (worse function). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 51 participants | Very low |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs all other interventions Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 1405 participants | High |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs all other interventions Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 1074 participants | Moderate |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs all other interventions Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1285 participants | High |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs all other interventions Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 24 (worse function). · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 1402 participants | High |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs all other interventions Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 24 (worse function). · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 1323 participants | Moderate |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs all other interventions Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from 0 to 24 (worse function). · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 1418 participants | High |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs all other interventions Recovery at 1 month · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.2 [1.04, 1.37] | 3 studies · 370 participants | Moderate |
spinal manipulative therapy plus any intervention vs the intervention alone Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 228 participants | Low |
spinal manipulative therapy plus any intervention vs the intervention alone Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1016 participants | High |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs inert interventions Pain VAS. Scale from 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 70 participants | Very low |
spinal manipulative therapy plus any intervention vs the intervention alone Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1000 participants | High |
spinal manipulative therapy plus any intervention vs the intervention alone Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 24 (worse function). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 156 participants | Low |
spinal manipulative therapy plus any intervention vs the intervention alone Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 24 (worse function) . · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1078 participants | High |
spinal manipulative therapy plus any intervention vs the intervention alone Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 24 (worse function). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 994 participants | High |
spinal manipulative therapy plus any intervention vs the intervention alone Recovery at one month · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | RR 3.4 [1.12, 10.28] | 1 study · 32 participants | Very low |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs inert interventions Recovery at 1 month · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.49, 2.19] | 1 study · 72 participants | Very low |
Spinal manipulative therapy vs inert interventions Recovery at 3 months · patients with chronic low‐back pain Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.56, 1.65] | 1 study · 70 participants | Very low |
spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) vs sham SMT Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 148 participants | Very low |
spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) vs sham SMT Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 55 participants | Very low |
spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) vs sham SMT Pain VAS. Scale from: 0‐100 (worse pain). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 51 participants | Very low |
spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) vs sham SMT Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from 0 to 24 (worse function). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 65 participants | Very low |
spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) vs sham SMT Functional status Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 24 (worse function). · patients with chronic LBP Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low‐back pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 55 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Primary outcomes and adverse effects · Preschool children from socially disadvantaged families Home‐based child development interventions for preschool children from socially disadvantaged families (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |