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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids vs control OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.85 | 1 study · 144 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids vs control Symptoms · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids vs control Adverse effects [3 months] · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [0.8, 1.99] | 2 studies · 231 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: oral steroids vs control OME resolution at short‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | RR 3.8 [0.93, 15.52] | 3 studies · 108 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic Hearing loss · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic OME resolution at short‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic OME resolution at intermediate‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [0.54, 2.96] | 1 study · 59 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic Symptom score [3 months] · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 39 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic Adverse effects [3 months] · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings: oral steroids vs control OME resolution at intermediate‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.54 [0.76, 3.14] | 3 studies · 106 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: oral steroids vs control OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: oral steroids vs control Symptoms · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: oral steroids vs control Adverse effects [4 to 6 weeks] · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 143 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings: oral steroids plus antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic Hearing loss [2 months]1 · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.73, 1.4] | 1 study · 99 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: oral steroids plus antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic OME resolution at short‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.99 [1.14, 3.49] | 5 studies · 409 participants | High |
Summary of findings: oral steroids plus antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic OME resolution at intermediate‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane | 1.44 [0.97, 2.13] | 2 studies · 231 participants | High |
Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) vs Normobaric Oxygen (NBO) Presence of symptoms or signs at time of primary analysis (4‐6 weeks) · patients with carbon monoxide poisoning Hyperbaric oxygen for carbon monoxide poisoning (2011) · Cochrane | OR 0.78 [0.54, 1.12] | 6 studies · 1361 participants | Very low |
Sensitivity Analysis; Stretch vs Sphincterotomy excluding Marby & Weaver Persistance of the Fissure · patients with fissure in ano Operative procedures for fissure in ano (2011) · Cochrane | OR 4.42 [1.75, 11.18] | 5 studies · 328 participants | Moderate |
Sensitivity Analysis; Stretch vs Sphincterotomy excluding Marby & Weaver Minor incontinence to flatus · patients with fissure in ano Operative procedures for fissure in ano (2011) · Cochrane | OR 5.73 [2.31, 14.2] | 5 studies · 309 participants | Low |
Open vs closed partial lateral internal sphincterotomy Persistence of the anal fissure · patients with fissure in ano Operative procedures for fissure in ano (2011) · Cochrane | OR 1 [0.4, 2.48] | 5 studies · 336 participants | High |
Open vs closed partial lateral internal sphincterotomy Minor incontinence to flatus · patients with fissure in ano Operative procedures for fissure in ano (2011) · Cochrane | OR 0.87 [0.41, 1.83] | 5 studies · 336 participants | Moderate |
Primary Groin Radiotherapy vs Primary Groin Surgery Groin recurrence · patients with Early Vulvar Cancer Primary groin irradiation versus primary groin surgery for early vulvar cancer (2011) · Cochrane | RR 10.21 [0.59, 175.78] | 1 study · 52 participants | Low |
Primary Groin Radiotherapy vs Primary Groin Surgery Disease specific mortality · patients with Early Vulvar Cancer Primary groin irradiation versus primary groin surgery for early vulvar cancer (2011) · Cochrane | RR 3.7 [0.87, 15.8] | 1 study · 52 participants | Low |
ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs STANDARD CARE Compliance: Not compliant with medication · patients with schizophrenia Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.48 [0.31, 0.75] | 3 studies · 282 participants | Very low |
ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs STANDARD CARE Compliance: 2a. With · patients with schizophrenia Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.48, 1.23] | 2 studies · 172 participants | Very low |
ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs STANDARD CARE Compliance: 2b. With · patients with schizophrenia Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.63 [0.38, 1.04] | 2 studies · 206 participants | Low |
ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs STANDARD CARE Relapse: 1. Relapse for any reason ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.73 [0.62, 0.85] | 6 studies · 790 participants | Low |
ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs STANDARD CARE Relapse: 2. Relapse with readmission ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.71 [0.56, 0.89] | 2 studies · 206 participants | Low |
ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs STANDARD CARE Satisfaction with mental health services: 3. binary outcome ‐ medium term ‐ unsatisfied · patients with schizophrenia Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.4 [0.17, 0.96] | 1 study · 116 participants | Low |
ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs STANDARD CARE Adverse event: Death ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Psychoeducation for schizophrenia (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.39 [0.24, 8.11] | 2 studies · 344 participants | Low |
Intervention NR ACR 50% improvement ‐ not measured · patients with treating rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Participants (n) reported adverse events ( · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.36 [0.49, 3.82] | 1 study · 23 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Change in radiographic progression ‐ not measured · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Achievement of low disease state (DAS 28) ‐ not measured · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain Visual Analogue Scale. Scale from: 0 to 100. ( · patients with treating rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 82 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Disability (HAQ score) percent change. Scale from: 0 to 100. ( · patients with treating rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 41 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Participants (n) reported adverse events ( · patients with treating rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | RR 4.24 [0.78, 22.99] | 2 studies · 61 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in radiographic progression ‐ not measured · patients with treating rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Achievement of low disease state (DAS 28) ‐ not measured · patients with treating rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR ACR 50% improvement ( · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | RR 11.92 [0.73, 193.38] | 1 study · 23 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Change in pain ‐ not measured · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR HAQ disability score ‐ not measured · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs placebo according to any definition Dropout ‐ Dropouts: excluding studies with high risk of bias objective · patients with cocaine abuse and dependence Antidepressants for cocaine dependence and problematic cocaine use (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.91, 1.12] | 27 studies · 2417 participants | Moderate |
Antidepressants vs placebo according to any definition Abstinence, for at least three consecutive weeks objective · patients with cocaine abuse and dependence Antidepressants for cocaine dependence and problematic cocaine use (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.22 [0.99, 1.51] | 8 studies · 942 participants | High |
Antidepressants vs placebo according to any definition Adverse events ‐ Withdrawn due to adverse events · patients with cocaine abuse and dependence Antidepressants for cocaine dependence and problematic cocaine use (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.39 [0.91, 2.12] | 13 studies · 1396 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Patient reported global impression of clinical change (PGIC) 'good' or 'very good' PGIC scale: Very poor, Poor, No change, Good, Very good. · patients with rheumatoid arthritis pain Opioid therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis pain (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.44 [1.03, 2.03] | 3 studies · 324 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Withdrawal due to inadequate analgesia · patients with rheumatoid arthritis pain Opioid therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis pain (2011) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.34, 2.01] | 4 studies · 345 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Functional status (HAQ) HAQ. Scale from: 0 to 3. · patients with rheumatoid arthritis pain Opioid therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis pain (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 243 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Withdrawal due to adverse events · patients with rheumatoid arthritis pain Opioid therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis pain (2011) · Cochrane | RR 2.67 [0.52, 13.75] | 3 studies · 331 participants | Low |