Periodontitis (clinical attachment loss) · Adults (general and hospital populations assessed in case-control studies)
Attachment loss is significantly increased in systemic sclerosis patients (SMD 2.58) with very high heterogeneity; certainty ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD 2.584 [0.321, 4.846]
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Patient outcomes: mean number of filled teeth per 0- to 15-year-old · Adults (general and hospital populations assessed in case-control studies)
No statistically significant difference in number of filled teeth between SSc patients and controls (SMD -0.12, CI includes 0); certainty ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Streptococcus mutans load in the oral cavity (saliva and/or dental plaque) · Adults and children (general population)
Xylitol-only sugar-free gum significantly reduced Streptococcus mutans load versus pooled controls (SMD -0.46, 95% CI -0.64 to -0.28; 12 trials, I2 43%); certainty not formally graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Dental caries prevalence · General population (children and adults) in East Africa
Caries prevalence was lowest in Tanzania at 30.7% (95% CI 21.5 to 39.9); certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental erosion · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health
Among adults and excluding the outlier study, vegetarian diet was associated with higher odds of dental erosion with no heterogeneity (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.77 to 3.71; ungraded).
4 findings from 1 review
Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. 2020 All outcomesMultiple countries (mostly India; also Finland and other European countries, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago); community and clinical settings · Adults only, excluding Linkosalo & Markkanen 1985
OR 2.56 [1.77, 3.71]
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. 2020 All outcomesMultiple countries (mostly India; also Finland and other European countries, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago); community and clinical settings · Sensitivity analysis excluding Linkosalo & Markkanen 1985 (outlier)
OR 1.97 [1.19, 3.27]
5 studies
GRADE not reported
Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. 2020 All outcomesMultiple countries (mostly India; also Finland and other European countries, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago); community and clinical settings
OR 2.40 [1.24, 4.66]
6 studies
GRADE not reported
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Noncarious/cervical lesions and tooth wear (measures other than pooled dental erosion) · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health
Beyond dental erosion, vegetarians tended to have a higher prevalence of other NCCL and tooth wear than nonvegetarians, reported narratively (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. 2020 All outcomesMultiple countries (mostly India; also Finland and other European countries, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago); community and clinical settings
Eleven studies reported on NCCL using six definitions (presence of NCCL, presence of dental erosion, presence and severity of tooth wear, dental abrasion, cervical buccal defects); the six reporting presence of dental…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Number of natural teeth (missing/present teeth, edentulousness, MT component of DMFT) · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health
Evidence on the number of natural teeth was conflicting and could not be pooled (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries experience (mean DMFT) · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health
Among adults, the lower DMFT score in vegetarians was smaller and not statistically significant (mean difference -0.09, 95% CI -0.32 to 0.13; ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
Dental caries measures other than pooled DMFT (DMFS, decayed/filled surfaces and teeth, root caries, nonvisible lesions, white spots) · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health
Evidence on other dental-caries measures was inconsistent: some indices (decayed surfaces/teeth, root caries, white spots) were higher in vegetarians while some studies found lower caries in vegetarian children (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Annual decline in percentage of caries-free participants (permanent dentition, D3) · Children and adolescents (permanent dentition, D3, up to 21 y), Western or comparable populations
For low baseline caries experience, the annual decline in caries-free participants ranged 4.3% to 10.2% (9 studies; ungraded).
4 findings from 1 review
Caries Progression Rates Revisited: A Systematic Review. 2019 All outcomesAnnual (studies with >=3 y follow-up) · Western Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand (or comparable Western populations) · Baseline caries experience: low
4.3% to 10.2%
9 studies · 4811 participants
GRADE not reported
Caries Progression Rates Revisited: A Systematic Review. 2019 All outcomesAnnual (studies with >=3 y follow-up) · Western Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand (or comparable Western populations)
0.8% to 10.2%
18 studies · 12017 participants
GRADE not reported
Caries Progression Rates Revisited: A Systematic Review. 2019 All outcomesAnnual (studies with >=3 y follow-up) · Western Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand (or comparable Western populations) · Baseline caries experience: high
0.8% to 2.2%
2 studies · 5029 participants
GRADE not reported
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Annual increment in DMFT (permanent dentition) · Children and adolescents (permanent dentition, D3, up to 21 y), Western or comparable populations
In the permanent dentition, the annual DMFT increment ranged from 0.06 to 0.73 across 14 studies, and was higher where baseline caries experience was higher (descriptive range; ungraded).
4 findings from 1 review
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Caries development in permanent teeth · Children and adolescents (permanent dentition, D3, up to 21 y), Western or comparable populations
In the permanent dentition, the annual DMFS increment ranged from 0.07 to 1.77 across 26 studies, and was higher where baseline caries experience was higher (descriptive range; ungraded).
4 findings from 1 review
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Dental caries: dmfs increment (primary teeth) · Children (primary dentition, d3), Western or comparable populations
In the primary dentition, the annual dmfs increment ranged from -1.0 to 1.0 across 7 studies; values were inconsistent because of tooth exfoliation and could not be pooled (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Annual decline in percentage of caries-free children (primary dentition, d3) · Children (primary dentition, d3), Western or comparable populations
In the primary dentition, the annual decline in the percentage of caries-free children ranged from 3.8% to 12.2% across 6 studies (descriptive range, no pooled estimate; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries incidence rate (first D3 lesion) per person-year at risk (permanent dentition) · Children and adolescents (permanent dentition, D3, up to 21 y), Western or comparable populations
In the permanent dentition, the pooled caries incidence rate was 0.11 per person-year at risk (95% CI 0.09 to 0.13; random-effects meta-analysis of 15 studies), i.e., about 11 of every 100 caries-free persons develop dentine caries each year (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Annual increment in dmft (primary dentition) · Children (primary dentition, d3), Western or comparable populations
In the primary dentition, the annual dmft increment ranged from -0.3 to 0.3 across 4 studies; values were inconsistent because of tooth exfoliation and could not be pooled (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adults aged 19-60 years
Pooled caries experience (DMFT) was similar in very-high-HDI and high-HDI countries, and meta-regression found no significant association between national HDI and DMFT; ungraded observational evidence with very high heterogeneity.
3 findings from 1 review
Dental caries · Adult participants in HDI-stratified study populations
The pooled mean DMFT across HDI-stratified study populations was 11.49.
1 finding from 1 review
Systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein) and periodontal disease progression · General-population adults (German cohort)
In one 5-year longitudinal study, accumulation of low socioeconomic and behavioural factors was associated with greater periodontal disease progression and higher C-reactive protein; not pooled (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Prostate cancer · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Prostate cancer: OR 1.04 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.09), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review