Non-Cochrane · aetiology · PM26751953
Social-Biological Interactions in Oral Disease: A 'Cells to Society' View.
Gomaa Noha, Glogauer Michael, Tenenbaum Howard, et al. · PloS one · 2016 · PubMed · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146218
Full textEvery question was extracted from the full text, figures and supplements by two independent LLM extractors, disagreements adjudicated. Rows cite where in the review the value comes from.
Questions
12
current version
GRADE rated
0
No studies
0
Included studies
10
linked below
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 12 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Humans with oral disease (periodontitis or dental caries); no age restriction; English-language empirical studies | Adults (18 to 85 years) with periodontal disease and children with dental caries; population surveys and clinic samples (n=10 studies) |
| Intervention | Chronic psychosocial stressor / social, socioeconomic or psychosocial exposure (e.g., stress, socioeconomic status, income, education) | Psychosocial stress, depression, low socioeconomic position (income, education) and family financial stress (n=10) |
| Comparison | Not specified (lower exposure / higher socioeconomic position implied) | Higher socioeconomic position or lower stress comparison groups within studies |
| Outcomes | Oral disease (periodontitis, dental caries) together with at least one biological/immune marker | Periodontal disease (8 studies) and dental caries (2 studies); biological markers include allostatic load, cortisol, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8), CRP, antibody titres and cariogenic bacteria (n=10) |
| Study designs | No restriction on study design (empirical human studies); acute stressors and acute oral conditions and oral cancer excluded | 10 observational studies: 4 cross-sectional, 4 case-control, 2 longitudinal (6-month and 5-year follow-up) |
| Timing | Not specified | Mostly cross-sectional; longitudinal follow-up of 6 months and 5 years in two studies |
Search date: Not specified; literature search covered publications from 1994 to 2015. Databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO
Questions and results
Low socioeconomic position and adverse behavioural factors vs Higher socioeconomic position and fewer adverse behaviours
Population: General-population adults (German cohort)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein) and periodontal disease progression 5-year follow-up In one 5-year longitudinal study, accumulation of low socioeconomic and behavioural factors was associated with greater periodontal disease progression and higher C-reactive protein; not pooled (ungraded). Source: Results 5.3.1; Table 2 (Buchwald) · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 3300 participants | Ungraded |
Perceived psychosocial stress vs No or lower perceived stress
Population: Adults with periodontitis needing non-surgical periodontal treatment
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
GCF elastase activity and non-surgical periodontal treatment outcome (salivary cortisol, ICTP measured; no effect reported) 6-month follow-up In one 6-month longitudinal study, patients under psychosocial stress had higher gingival crevicular fluid elastase and poorer outcomes after non-surgical periodontal therapy; not pooled (ungraded). Source: Results 5.3.3; Table 2 (Bakri) · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 45 participants | Ungraded |
Gingival inflammation and GCF IL-1β IL-6 and IL-8 Population: Adults with gingivitis or periodontitis from a private periodontics practice Perceived stress was associated with IL-1β IL-6 and IL-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid. Source: Table 2; Results 5.3.3 · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Ungraded |
Antibody titres to periodontal pathogens Baseline and 1-year follow-up Population: Adults with periodontitis In one case-control study, depression as a marker of social isolation was associated with elevated antibody titres to periodontal pathogens at baseline and 1-year follow-up; not pooled (ungraded). Source: Results 5.3.3; Table 2 (Moss) · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 148 participants | Ungraded |
Job-related or family-related stress and pessimistic attitude to life vs Lower stress and no pessimistic attitude
Population: Patients with aggressive or chronic periodontitis at a university periodontology department
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Periodontal disease and serum IL-1β IL-6 and cortisol No correlation was reported between immunological markers cortisol and registered stress values; untreated aggressive periodontitis was accompanied by pessimistic attitude and elevated serum IL-6. Source: Table 2 · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Ungraded |
Salivary cortisol, cariogenic bacterial load and dental caries Population: Kindergarten-age children In one cross-sectional study of children, low socioeconomic status, higher basal salivary cortisol and higher cariogenic bacterial counts were each independently associated with higher dental caries risk; not pooled (ungraded). Source: Results 5.3.2; Table 2 (Boyce) · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 94 participants | Ungraded |
Job-stress-related depression vs Women without depression
Population: Women on long-term sick leave for depression
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Periodontitis and GCF IL-6 Depressed women had higher periodontal disease and GCF IL-6 after adjustment for age and smoking. Source: Table 2; Results 5.3.3 · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Ungraded |
Child dental caries experience Population: Mother-child pairs In one cross-sectional study, higher maternal allostatic load was associated with child dental caries experience and with health-related maternal care-taking behaviours; not pooled (ungraded). Source: Results 5.3.1; Table 2 (Masterson & Sabbah) · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1184 participants | Ungraded |
Lower socioeconomic position measured by poverty income and education vs Higher socioeconomic position
Population: US adults in NHANES III
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Periodontitis and allostatic load Allostatic load partly explained socioeconomic gradients in periodontal disease. Source: Table 2; Results 5.3.1 · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study | Ungraded |
Lower socioeconomic position measured by annual family income and poverty-income ratio vs Higher socioeconomic position
Population: US adults in NHANES 1999-2004
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Periodontitis and allostatic load Race/ethnicity Allostatic load increased the probability of periodontitis and the association varied by race/ethnicity. Source: Table 2; Results 5.3.1 · same question in other reviews | no estimate extracted | 1 study | Ungraded |
Comparison
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Serum inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6) and cortisol in periodontitis Registered job/family stress | Narrative (no effect size) No correlation between registered stress and serum IL-1b/IL-6/cortisol; untreated aggressive periodontitis showed pessimistic attitude and elevated serum IL-6 | 1 study | Ungraded |
Enamel surface properties (thinner, softer enamel) in exfoliated teeth By race/ethnicity | Narrative (no effect size) Higher salivary cortisol reactivity associated with thinner, softer enamel surfaces | 1 study | Ungraded |
Included primary studies 10
Open as a trial list| Study | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial PICO | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bakri et al. 2013 The effects of stress on periodontal treatment: a longitudinal investigation using clinical and biological markers DOI:10.1111/jcpe.12142 | this review only | GCF elastase activity and non-surgical periodontal treatment outcome (salivary cortisol, ICTP measured; no effect reported); PM26751953-P8-O1 | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Borrell et al. 2011 Social disparities in periodontitis among US adults: the effect of allostatic load DOI:10.1136/jech.2009.098269 | this review only | PM26751953-P1-O1; Periodontitis and allostatic load | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Boyce et al. 2010 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | Salivary cortisol, cariogenic bacterial load and dental caries; PM26751953-P7-O1 | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Buchwald et al. 2013 Tooth loss and periodontitis by socio‐economic status and inflammation in a longitudinal population‐based study DOI:10.1111/jcpe.12056 | this review only | Systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein) and periodontal disease progression; PM26751953-P9-O1 | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Giannopoulou et al. 2003 Effect of inflammation, smoking and stress on gingival crevicular fluid cytokine level DOI:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.300201.x | this review only | Gingival inflammation and GCF IL-1β IL-6 and IL-8 | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Johannsen et al. 2007 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | Gingival inflammation and GCF IL-1β IL-6 and IL-8; Child dental caries experience | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Masterson & Sabbah 2015 Inhibitory effects of cyclic AMP on vasopressin release from the rat neural lobe in vitro. PMID:201516 | this review only | PM26751953-P10-O1; Child dental caries experience | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Mengel et al. 2002 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | Gingival inflammation and GCF IL-1β IL-6 and IL-8; Salivary cortisol, cariogenic bacterial load and dental caries | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Moss et al. 1996 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | PM26751953-P1-O1; Antibody titres to periodontal pathogens | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Sabbah et al. 2008 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | PM26751953-P1-O1; Periodontitis and allostatic load | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |