Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events due to any cause · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma
Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events… compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
People with fatal asthma exacerbation. · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals (parallel group trials/first arm cross‐over trials) · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma
Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in withdrawals from trial compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death at hospital discharge · individuals with moderate to severe disease
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement of clinical status · individuals with moderate to severe disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Worsening of clinical status · individuals with moderate to severe disease
Summary of Findings Table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in worsening of clinical status compared with placebo or standard care alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life, including fatigue and neurological functioning; · individuals with moderate to severe disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events: all grades · individuals with moderate to severe disease
It is very uncertain whether summary of Findings Table ‐ Vitamin D changes adverse events (any grade) compared with placebo or standard care alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events · individuals with moderate to severe disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pre‐eclampsia · women during pregnancy
A dose of vitamin D 4000 IU/d or more showed no clear difference in pre‐eclampsia compared with 3999 IU/d or less alone or with any other nutrient (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Gestational diabetes · women during pregnancy
A dose of vitamin D 4000 IU/d or more showed no clear difference in gestational diabetes compared with 3999 IU/d or less alone or with any other nutrient (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth · women during pregnancy
A dose of vitamin D 4000 IU/d or more showed no clear difference in preterm birth compared with 3999 IU/d or less alone or with any other nutrient (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low birthweight · women during pregnancy
A dose of vitamin D 4000 IU/d or more showed no clear difference in low birthweight compared with 3999 IU/d or less alone or with any other nutrient (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hip Fracture · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium leads to lower persons sustaining new hip fracture (1 year estimate) compared with control or placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Persons sustaining new non‐vertebral fracture (1 year estimate) · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
1 finding from 1 review
Fractures: vertebral or deformity · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
1 finding from 1 review
New fractures · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium leads to lower persons sustaining any new fracture (1 year estimate) compared with control or placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence: lung cancer · relatively healthy postmenopausal women
Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: lung cancer · relatively healthy postmenopausal women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events: renal calculi · relatively healthy postmenopausal women
Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in adverse events: renal calculi compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review