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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

14 questions · 14 findings · 8 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 1 · 7.1%GRADE not reported 1 · 7.1%Very low 2 · 14.3%Low 6 · 42.9%Moderate 2 · 14.3%High 2 · 14.3%

Vitamin D + calcium + other vitamins and minerals vs calcium + other vitamins and minerals (but no vitamin D)

Preterm birth · pregnant women and their infants..

Vitamin D + calcium + other vitamins and minerals showed no clear difference in preterm birth (less than 37 weeks' gestation) compared with calcium + other vitamins and minerals (but no vitamin D) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care

The intervention leads to lower preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Preterm birth less than 37 weeks' gestation · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes preterm birth less than 37 weeks' gestation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin E vs placebo, no placebo or other supplements

Preterm birth · pregnant women receiving vitamin E supplementation or control, living in areas where there is either inadequate dietary intake of vitamin…

Any vitamin E supplementation showed no clear difference in preterm birth (less than 37 weeks' gestation) compared with placebo, no placebo or other supplements (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplements containing iron and folic acid vs same supplements without iron nor folic acid (no iron nor folic acid or placebo)

Preterm birth · pregnant women

(Infant outcomes) Any supplements containing iron and folic acid showed no clear difference in preterm birth (less than 37 weeks of gestation) (ALL) compared with same supplements without iron nor folic acid (no iron nor folic acid… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplements containing iron vs same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or placebo)

Preterm birth · pregnant women

(Infant outcomes) Any supplements containing iron showed no clear difference in preterm birth (less than 37 weeks of gestation) (ALL) compared with same supplements without iron or no treatment/placebo (no iron or… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group antenatal care vs individual antenatal care (adjusted data)

Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · pregnant women accessing prenatal care

Group antenatal care showed no clear difference in preterm birth (gestational age at time of birth less than 37 weeks'… compared with individual antenatal care (adjusted data) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review