Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

65 questions · 66 findings · 25 reviews · Musculoskeletal

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No studies found 12 · 18.2%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 7 · 10.6%Low 30 · 45.5%Moderate 11 · 16.7%High 6 · 9.1%

Exercise vs no exercise

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · rheumatoid arthritis of the hand

2 findings from 1 review

Exercise for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 124 participants
Very low
Exercise for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 445 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs no exercise

Pain ‐ long term (12 months and beyond) Pain subscale of Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (0 to 100 points, higher score means more pain) · rheumatoid arthritis of the hand

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 437 participants
Moderate

Hand exercise vs no exercise

Hand pain Self‐report questionnaires Scale from 0 to 10 (0 represents no pain) · patients with hand osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for hand osteoarthritis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 381 participants
Low

Subgroup analysis: Exercise duration vs resistance

Pain ‐ duration exercise WOMAC (VAS or Likert) from 0 to 20 · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

1 finding from 1 review

High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 200 participants
Very low

Subgroup analysis: Exercise duration vs resistance

Pain ‐ resistance exercise WOMAC (VAS or Likert) from 0 to 20 · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

1 finding from 1 review

High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 113 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no intervention

Pain · adults with ankylosing spondylitis

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 288 participants
Low

Exercise vs usual care

Pain · adults with ankylosing spondylitis

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 911 participants
Moderate

Flexibility exercise training vs aerobic exercise training

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Flexibility exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 266 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs land‐based exercise therapy

Pain ‐ total · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
41 studies · 3322 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs placebo adjunctive therapies

Pain · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
22 studies · 1428 participants
Low

Manual therapy and exercise vs placebo

Overall pain · rotator cuff disease

1 finding from 1 review

Manual therapy and exercise for rotator cuff disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 120 participants
High

Manual therapy and exercise vs arthroscopic subacromial decompression

Overall pain · rotator cuff disease

1 finding from 1 review

Manual therapy and exercise for rotator cuff disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 84 participants
Low

Manual therapy and exercise vs glucocorticoid injection

Overall pain · rotator cuff disease

1 finding from 1 review

Manual therapy and exercise for rotator cuff disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 88 participants
Low

Manual therapy and exercise vs arthroscopic subacromial decompression

Pain on motion · rotator cuff disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Manual therapy and exercise for rotator cuff disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Manual therapy and exercise vs placebo

Pain on motion · rotator cuff disease

1 finding from 1 review

Manual therapy and exercise for rotator cuff disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 120 participants
High

Manual therapy and exercise vs glucocorticoid injection

Pain on motion · rotator cuff disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Manual therapy and exercise for rotator cuff disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

MX exercise training vs control

Pain 10‐cm VAS scale (median · patients with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 832 participants
Moderate

Low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) plus exercise vs exercise

Participant‐reported pain relief of 30% or greater · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Electrotherapy modalities for adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Aerobic exercise vs control

Pain intensity (0‐10cm visual analogue scale) · patients with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aerobic exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 351 participants
Low

Low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) plus exercise vs exercise

Pain intensity (0‐10cm visual analogue scale) · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)

1 finding from 1 review

Electrotherapy modalities for adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 63 participants
Moderate