Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

6 questions · 6 findings · 5 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 16.7%Very low 3 · 50%Low 1 · 16.7%Moderate 1 · 16.7%High 0 · 0%

Early vs late fortification of human milk

Risk of necrotising enterocolitis stage ≥ 2 · preterm infants

Early showed no clear difference in necrotising enterocolitis stage 2 or 3 compared with late fortification of human milk (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early fortification of human milk versus late fortification to promote growth in preterm infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.36 [0.44, 4.16]
2 studies · 237 participants
Low

Early full enteral feeding vs delayed or progressive feeding

Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants

It is very uncertain whether early full enteral feeding changes necrotising enterocolitis compared with delayed or progressive feeding (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early full enteral feeding for preterm or low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.38, 2.54]
6 studies · 522 participants
Very low

Early and late (day 1 to 28 after birth) higher vs lower sodium intake

Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower sodium intake for preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Early (less than seven days following birth) higher vs lower sodium intake

Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants

It is very uncertain whether early (less than seven days following birth) higher changes necrotising enterocolitis compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower sodium intake for preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.6 [0.23, 90.84]
1 study · 46 participants
Very low

Ampicillin plus gentamicin vs penicillin plus gentamicin

Necrotising enterocolitis maximum · neonates with early‐onset sepsis

It is very uncertain whether ampicillin plus gentamicin changes necrotising enterocolitis maximum compared with penicillin plus gentamicin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic regimens for early‐onset neonatal sepsis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [0.5, 3.05]
1 study · 283 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Necrotising enterocolitis (stage not reported) · preterm infants with low birth weight

The intervention probably leads to lower necrotising enterocolitis (stage not reported) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents in preterm or low birth weight infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.52, 0.91]
15 studies · 2639 participants
Moderate